Research on regional depopulation is often framed around identifying external causal factors and subsequent effects on adjacent societies. This has been the case for studies of the depopulation of the St. Lawrence River Valley (SLRV) of northeastern North America. During the sixteenth century CE, an estimated 8,000–10,000 St. Lawrence Iroquoians (SLI) left the valley in response to climatic and social disruptions. We argue that preexisting sets of relations between people residing in the SLRV and neighboring groups were equally important for structuring the relocation and incorporation of SLI peoples and traditions. To evaluate this process, we employ high-resolution radiocarbon timeframes and data on the quantity, nature, and distribution of SLI material culture to examine when and how objects associated with SLI practices appeared and remained within six community sequences belonging to ancestral Wendat, Onoñda’gegá, and Kanien’kehá:ka traditions. Our results demonstrate that localized SLI material practices first appear outside of the SLRV by 1450 and continue to appear in each sequence, though with meaningful variation. We argue that while SLI individuals and groups extended their familial and cultural connections through strategic interactions and movements, the ways in which those identities were expressed varied as per distinct cultural and historical contexts.

中文翻译：

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圣劳伦斯易洛魁人在前殖民时期北部易洛魁人合并的重要性和暂时性


对区域人口减少的研究通常围绕确定外部因果因素以及随后对邻近社会的影响进行。对北美东北部圣劳伦斯河谷（SLRV）人口减少的研究就是这种情况。在公元 16 世纪，估计有 8,000-10,000 名圣劳伦斯易洛魁人 (SLI) 因气候和社会混乱而离开山谷。我们认为，居住在 SLRV 的人们与邻近群体之间预先存在的关系对于构建 SLI 人民和传统的迁移和融合同样重要。为了评估这一过程，我们采用高分辨率放射性碳时间范围和有关 SLI 物质文化的数量、性质和分布的数据来检查与 SLI 实践相关的物体何时以及如何出现并保留在属于祖先 Wendat、Onoñda' 的六个群落序列中gegá 和 Kanien'kehá:ka 传统。我们的结果表明，本地化的 SLI 材料实践在 1450 年首次出现在 SLRV 之外，并继续出现在每个序列中，尽管存在有意义的变化。我们认为，虽然 SLI 个人和群体通过战略互动和运动扩展了他们的家庭和文化联系，但这些身份的表达方式根据不同的文化和历史背景而有所不同。