Fiber-Reinforced Polymer (FRP) composite has played a crucial role in replacing metals in numerous applications due to its superior properties and ease of manufacturing. Raw materials, design flexibility, microstructure, durability, and advanced fabrication techniques have further diversified its applications. However, consumption of a huge amount of synthetic polymeric materials and fibers in FRP composites poses a serious challenge to recycling and waste management. Most of the high-performance FRP composites are based on thermoset polymeric materials, which are non-recyclable. Therefore, fundamental research has been initiated on recycling of thermoset-based FRP composites. This review provides a comprehensive study of raw materials used for FRP composites and their applications and waste management, along with a future perspective. The review provides an insight into the chemistry of raw materials and techniques of their synthesis and extraction, fabrication, interface chemistry, structural analysis, and microstructural characterizations of FRP composites. It also focusses on the recent progress of FRP composites as an alternative to metals for various applications and the challenges faced. In addition, the review offers a special emphasis on Vitrimers, waste management, and biodegradation of FRP composites. Finally, the role of FRP composites for hydrogen storage and other futuristic applications is critically discussed.

中文翻译：

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纤维增强聚合物复合材料的全面综述：原材料到应用、回收和废物管理


纤维增强聚合物 (FRP) 复合材料由于其优越的性能和易于制造的特点，在众多应用中替代金属方面发挥了至关重要的作用。原材料、设计灵活性、微观结构、耐用性和先进的制造技术使其应用进一步多样化。然而，FRP复合材料消耗大量的合成高分子材料和纤维，对回收和废物管理提出了严峻的挑战。大多数高性能FRP复合材料都是基于不可回收的热固性聚合物材料。因此，人们开始对热固性玻璃钢复合材料的回收利用进行基础研究。本综述对 FRP 复合材料所用原材料及其应用和废物管理进行了全面研究，并展望了未来。该综述深入了解了 FRP 复合材料的原材料化学及其合成和提取、制造、界面化学、结构分析和微观结构表征技术。它还重点介绍了玻璃钢复合材料作为金属替代品在各种应用中的最新进展以及所面临的挑战。此外，该评论还特别强调了 Vitrimers、废物管理和 FRP 复合材料的生物降解。最后，批判性地讨论了 FRP 复合材料在储氢和其他未来应用中的作用。