Sports Medicine ( IF 9.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-06-21 , DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02059-4 Anja Lazić 1 , Dušan Stanković 1 , Nebojša Trajković 1 , Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez 2, 3
|
Background
Individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) face impaired cardiorespiratory fitness and glycemic control, increasing the risk of cardiovascular complications. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) has emerged as a promising exercise modality with potential benefits for both aspects in this population.
Objectives
The primary aim was to investigate the effects of HIIT on cardiorespiratory fitness and glycemic parameters in patients with T1DM. The secondary aim was to examine the most effective HIIT protocol for cardiorespiratory fitness and glycemic parameters in patients with T1DM.
Design
Systematic review and meta-analysis.
Data Sources
Two major electronic databases (Web of Science and PubMed) were searched up to February 2024.
Eligibility Criteria for Selecting Studies
Randomized and non-randomized trials involving adult patients with T1DM, free of complications and other diseases examining the effects of HIIT (HIIT pre vs. post; HIIT vs. control group or HIIT vs. moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT)) on cardiorespiratory fitness and glycemic parameters were included.
Results
A total of ten studies met the inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis revealed a significant improvement in cardiorespiratory fitness following HIIT interventions (pre vs. post) in patients with T1DM (standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.16 to 1, p = 0.01). Furthermore, HIIT (pre vs. post) was associated with significant improvements in 24-h mean glucose control (SMD = − 0.44, 95% CI = − 0.81 to − 0.06, p = 0.02), but the results (pre vs. post) failed to identify significant improvements in fasting glucose (SMD = − 0.26, 95% CI = − 0.78 to 0.24, p = 0.3) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1C) values (SMD = − 0.28, 95% CI = − 0.61 to 0.05, p = 0.1). However, in comparison with a control group, HIIT showed significantly favorable effects on HbA1C (SMD = − 0.74, 95% CI = − 1.35 to − 0.14, p = 0.02). Finally, the meta-regression analysis did not find any moderating effect of any HIIT characteristics (i.e., intervention duration, session duration, work time, rest time, number of bouts, and intensity) on cardiorespiratory fitness and glycemic parameters.
Conclusion
Our systematic review and meta-analysis show that T1DM patients who performed a HIIT intervention significantly improved cardiorespiratory fitness and reduced their 24-h mean glucose levels, but not their HbA1C and fasting glucose. These findings support the application of HIIT interventions in T1DM patients. However, the guidelines for the most effective protocol remain unclear; hence, future studies are needed.
中文翻译：
HIIT 干预对 1 型糖尿病成人心肺健康和血糖参数的影响：系统评价和荟萃分析
背景
1 型糖尿病 （T1DM） 患者面临心肺健康和血糖控制受损的问题，增加了心血管并发症的风险。高强度间歇训练 （HIIT） 已成为一种很有前途的运动方式，对这一人群的这两个方面都有潜在的好处。
目标
主要目的是研究 HIIT 对 T1DM 患者心肺健康和血糖参数的影响。次要目的是检查 T1DM 患者心肺健康和血糖参数的最有效 HIIT 方案。
设计
系统评价和荟萃分析。
数据源
检索了截至 2024 年 2 月的两个主要电子数据库 （Web of Science 和 PubMed）。
选择研究的资格标准
涉及成年 T1DM 患者的随机和非随机试验，无并发症和其他疾病，检查 HIIT 的效果（HIIT 前与后;包括 HIIT 与对照组或 HIIT 与中等强度持续训练 （MICT）） 对心肺健康和血糖参数的影响。
结果
共有 10 项研究符合纳入标准。荟萃分析显示，T1DM 患者在接受 HIIT 干预后（前后）心肺健康有显着改善 （标准化平均差 （SMD） = 0.59,95% 置信区间 （CI） = 0.16 至 1，p = 0.01）。此外，HIIT（前后）与 24 小时平均血糖控制（SMD = − 0.44,95% CI = − 0.81 至 − 0.06，p = 0.02）的显著改善相关，但结果 （前后与后）未能确定空腹血糖（SMD = − 0.26,95% CI = − 0.78 至 0.24，p = 0.3）和糖化血红蛋白 （HbA1C） 值（SMD = − 0.28，p = 0.3）的显著改善 95% CI = − 0.61 至 0.05，p = 0.1）。然而，与对照组相比，HIIT 对 HbA1C 显示出显著有利的影响 （SMD = − 0.74,95% CI = − 1.35 至 − 0.14，p = 0.02）。 最后，meta 回归分析未发现任何 HIIT 特征 （即干预持续时间、会话持续时间、工作时间、休息时间、比赛次数和强度） 对心肺健康和血糖参数有任何调节作用。
结论
我们的系统评价和荟萃分析表明，进行 HIIT 干预的 T1DM 患者显着改善了心肺健康并降低了他们的 24 小时平均血糖水平，但没有降低他们的 HbA1C 和空腹血糖。这些发现支持 HIIT 干预在 T1DM 患者中的应用。然而，最有效方案的指南仍不清楚;因此，需要进一步的研究。
京公网安备 11010802027423号