Plasmonic nanostructures with hollow interiors have emerged as a class of multifunctional materials for many applications owing to their superior plasmonic activities relative to their solid counterparts. Besides outer surfaces, hollow nanostructures also have inner surfaces, which facilitate the control of internal structures. In this Perspective, we discuss recent progress in engineering the internal structure of hollow nanostructures for enhanced plasmonic properties. We start with a brief introduction to the synthetic methods that can effectively control the internal structure of hollow nanostructures. We then elaborate on the impact of each parameter of internal structure on plasmonic properties, where how to rationally design and experimentally control these parameters is also discussed. Afterward, we highlight the applications of plasmonic hollow nanostructures with well-controlled internal structures in biosensing and photocatalysis. Lastly, we conclude this Perspective with the challenges and opportunities in this emerging field.

中文翻译：

---

工程设计中空纳米结构的内部结构以增强等离子体特性


具有中空内部的等离子体纳米结构已成为一类用于许多应用的多功能材料，因为它们相对于固体对应物具有优异的等离子体活性。除了外表面之外，中空纳米结构还具有内表面，这有利于内部结构的控制。在本视角中，我们讨论了中空纳米结构内部结构工程以增强等离子体特性的最新进展。我们首先简要介绍可以有效控制中空纳米结构内部结构的合成方法。然后我们详细阐述了内部结构的各个参数对等离子体特性的影响，并讨论了如何合理设计和实验控制这些参数。随后，我们重点介绍了内部结构可控的等离激元中空纳米结构在生物传感和光催化方面的应用。最后，我们总结了这一新兴领域的挑战和机遇。