Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is a versatile class of quantum materials of interest to various fields including, e.g., nanoelectronics, optical devices, and topological and correlated quantum matter. Tailoring the electronic properties of TMDs is essential to their applications in many directions. Here, we report that a highly controllable and uniform on-chip 2D metallization process converts a class of atomically thin TMDs into robust superconductors, a property belonging to none of the starting materials. As examples, we demonstrate the introduction of superconductivity into a class of 2D air-sensitive topological TMDs, including monolayers of ${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{d}}\text{−}{\mathrm{WTe}}_2$, $1{\mathrm{T}}^{\prime }\text{−}{\mathrm{MoTe}}_2$, and $2\mathrm{H}\text{−}{\mathrm{MoTe}}_2$, as well as their natural and twisted bilayers, metallized with an ultrathin layer of palladium. This class of TMDs is known to exhibit intriguing topological phases ranging from topological insulator, Weyl semimetal to fractional Chern insulator. The unique, high-quality two-dimensional metallization process is based on our recent findings of the long-distance, non-Fickian in-plane mass transport and chemistry in 2D that occur at relatively low temperatures and in devices fully encapsulated with inert insulating layers. Highly compatible with existing nanofabrication techniques for van der Waals stacks, our results offer a route to designing and engineering superconductivity and topological phases in a class of correlated 2D materials.

中文翻译：

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二维拓扑硫族化物片上金属化的超导性


二维 (2D) 过渡金属二硫属化物 (TMD) 是一类多功能的量子材料，对纳米电子学、光学器件以及拓扑和相关量子物质等各个领域都很感兴趣。定制 TMD 的电子特性对于其在许多方向的应用至关重要。在这里，我们报告了一种高度可控且均匀的片上二维金属化工艺，可将一类原子级薄的 TMD 转化为坚固的超导体，这种特性不属于任何起始材料。作为示例，我们演示了将超导性引入一类二维空气敏感拓扑 TMD，包括单层 ${\mathrm{T}}_{\mathrm{d}}\text{−}{\mathrm{WTe}}_2$ 、 $1{\mathrm{T}}^{\prime }\text{−}{\mathrm{MoTe}}_2$ 和 $2\mathrm{H}\text{−}{\mathrm{MoTe}}_2$ 。作为其天然和扭曲的双层，用超薄的钯层进行金属化。已知此类 TMD 表现出有趣的拓扑相，范围从拓扑绝缘体、Weyl 半金属到分数陈绝缘体。独特的高质量二维金属化工艺基于我们最近对二维长距离、非菲克面内质量传输和化学的发现，这些发现发生在相对较低的温度下，并且发生在用惰性绝缘层完全封装的器件中。我们的研究结果与范德华堆栈的现有纳米制造技术高度兼容，为设计和工程一类相关二维材料中的超导性和拓扑相提供了一条途径。