The increasing conversion of agricultural land to organic farming requires the development of specifically adapted cultivars. So far, in tomato there is lack of research for selection of germplasm suitable for sustainable agroecosystems. In this study, we investigated the genotypic and environmental factors affecting the variation of plant, fruits, and root traits in 39 tomato genotypes grown under organic farming conditions. Four independent experiments were conducted in Italy and Spain across two consecutive seasons in 2019 and 2020. For all traits, the factorial linear regression model to estimate the main effects of genotype (G), location (L), year of cultivation (Y) and their interactions, revealed highly significant ( < 0.001) variations, with the G factor being largely predominant for most traits. The implementation of the “which-won-where”, “mean performance versus stability” and “discriminative vs representativeness” patterns in the GGE (Genotype plus Genotype by Environment interaction) analysis, allowed the identification of superior cultivars with high stability across the testing environments. Genomic characterization with 30 890 high quality SNPs from ddRADseq genotyping analysis, revealed that a specific cluster of cherry tomato accessions were low performing in terms of yield and fruit weight, on the contrary, showed a high content of soluble solids, which in agreement with GGE analysis. Results of this study provide a framework for the potential use of this locally adapted tomato germplasm to address the needs of more sustainable agriculture.

中文翻译：

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有机农业条件下番茄品种性状的 GGE 分析和稳定性：一项为期两年的研究


越来越多的农业用地转变为有机农业，需要开发专门适应的品种。迄今为止，在番茄方面，缺乏适合可持续农业生态系统的种质选择的研究。在这项研究中，我们调查了影响有机农业条件下种植的 39 种番茄基因型的植物、果实和根性状变异的基因型和环境因素。 2019 年和 2020 年连续两个季节在意大利和西班牙进行了四次独立实验。对于所有性状，采用阶乘线性回归模型来估计基因型 (G)、地点 (L)、种植年份 (Y) 和他们的相互作用揭示了高度显着（<0.001）的变化，其中 G 因子在大多数性状中占主导地位。在 GGE（基因型加环境相互作用的基因型）分析中实施“哪个获胜”、“平均性能与稳定性”和“区分性与代表性”模式，可以在整个测试过程中鉴定出具有高稳定性的优良品种环境。利用 ddRADseq 基因分型分析中的 30 890 个高质量 SNP 进行的基因组表征表明，特定的樱桃番茄种质簇在产量和果实重量方面表现不佳，相反，显示出高含量的可溶性固形物，这与 GGE 一致分析。这项研究的结果为潜在利用这种适合当地的番茄种质来满足更可持续农业的需求提供了一个框架。