Grapevine ( sp.) is one of the most important economic fruit crops all over the world, and the formation of adventitious roots (ARs) is crucial for the vegetative reproduction of grapes. However, studies on the regulatory mechanisms of this process are currently lacking. In this study, we applied an efficient and convenient leave-petiole (LP) system for studying ARs, revealing a significant inhibition of root primordia formation under continuous-light treatment. The results showed that isolated ARs of grapevine were induced and originated from ray cells near the vascular cambium, with the process categorized into induction, initiation, and extension stages. LP samples under light and dark conditions were used for transcriptome sequencing and endogenous hormone measurements at three critical time points of AR formation. A total of 37 155 transcripts were obtained, and 7041 genes showed significantly different expression levels in the petiole. An integrated analysis, including Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), and hormonal content determination, showed that several genes (, , , , , , , etc.) associated with hormone signals, sugar synthesis and transport, reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging, cell wall biogenesis, flavonoid biosynthesis, microtubule remodeling, and some transcription factors (HY5, COP1, ERF2, MYB15, etc) played vital roles in light-induced AR formation. A hypothetical model was initially constructed, which illustrated the centrality of auxin in HY5-dependent AR formation and the complex crosstalk among various factors. The results of this study provided abundant genetic resources and a novel perspective for understanding the molecular mechanisms of AR formation in grapevine.

中文翻译：

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比较转录组分析揭示光协调生长素抑制葡萄树不定根形成


葡萄（Grapevine，sp.）是世界上最重要的经济果树作物之一，不定根（AR）的形成对于葡萄的营养繁殖至关重要。然而，目前缺乏对该过程调控机制的研究。在这项研究中，我们应用了一种高效、方便的叶柄（LP）系统来研究AR，揭示了连续光照处理对根原基形成的显着抑制。结果表明，葡萄树分离的ARs是由维管形成层附近的射线细胞诱导产生的，其过程分为诱导期、起始期和延伸期。在 AR 形成的三个关键时间点，使用光照和黑暗条件下的 LP 样品进行转录组测序和内源激素测量。总共获得了37155个转录本，其中7041个基因在叶柄中表现出显着差异的表达水平。综合分析，包括基因本体（GO）富集分析、加权基因共表达网络分析（WGCNA）和激素含量测定，表明几个与激素信号、糖相关的基因（、、、、、、等）合成和运输、活性氧（ROS）清除、细胞壁生物发生、类黄酮生物合成、微管重塑和一些转录因子（HY5、COP1、ERF2、MYB15等）在光诱导AR形成中发挥着重要作用。最初构建了一个假设模型，该模型说明了生长素在 HY5 依赖性 AR 形成中的中心地位以及各种因素之间的复杂串扰。该研究结果为理解葡萄AR形成的分子机制提供了丰富的遗传资源和新的视角。