The cationic reverse flotation route is one of the main processes to remove silicates from iron ore, and etheramines are the most common surfactants used to modify the hydrophobicity of silicate surfaces to make them floatable. The performance of etheramines in silica flotation is a function of a number of structural parameters including the raw material sources that contribute the carbon chain, which dictate the length and arrangement of the carbons in the etheramine, and whether the etheramine is a monoamine or a diamine. Three types of etheramines in the flotation of quartz were investigated in a series of microflotation experiments in a Hallimond tube to understand the influence of the chemical structure of these collectors on the floatability of silicate minerals. The etheramines investigated were a medium chain ethermonoamine (MCM), a (medium chain etherdiamine (MCD) and a long chain etherdiamine (LCD). In addition to the microflotation experiments, the pK values of the different etheramines were also measured to evaluate the influence of etheramine species distribution on the silicate flotation. The quartz microflotation tests were conducted at different pH conditions, various collector concentrations, and in the presence and absence of starch, a common depressant for iron minerals. The results indicated that in the absence of depressant, the maximum quartz floatability was achieved at pH corresponding to the collector’s pK. In these conditions, the etherdiamines provide higher quartz hydrophobicity than the ether monoamine. With depressant, the maximum quartz floatability was achieved at pH values higher than the collector’s pK. In these conditions, the ethermonoamine provides higher quartz hydrophobicity than the etherdiamines and the collector with longer carbon chain length was stronger than the one with shorter carbon chain length.

中文翻译：

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醚胺类型对铁矿石石英颗粒疏水性的影响


阳离子反浮选路线是从铁矿石中去除硅酸盐的主要工艺之一，而醚胺是最常用的表面活性剂，用于改变硅酸盐表面的疏水性，使其可浮。二氧化硅浮选中醚胺的性能是许多结构参数的函数，包括构成碳链的原材料来源，这些参数决定了醚胺中碳的长度和排列，以及醚胺是单胺还是二胺。在哈利蒙德管中进行一系列微浮选实验，研究了石英浮选中的三种醚胺，以了解这些捕收剂的化学结构对硅酸盐矿物可浮性的影响。研究的醚胺是中链醚单胺 (MCM)、中链醚二胺 (MCD) 和长链醚二胺 (LCD)。除了微浮选实验外，还测量了不同醚胺的 pK 值以评估影响在不同 pH 条件、不同捕收剂浓度以及存在和不存在淀粉（铁矿物的常见抑制剂）的情况下进行了石英微浮选试验。在对应于捕收剂 pK 的 pH 值下，实现了最大的石英可浮性。在这些条件下，乙醚二胺比醚单胺具有更高的石英疏水性，在 pH 值高于捕收剂的 pK 时，实现了最大的石英可浮性。 在这些条件下，醚一胺提供比醚二胺更高的石英疏水性，并且具有较长碳链长度的捕收剂比具有较短碳链长度的捕收剂更强。