The demographic composition of a firm's Board of Directors (BoD) and Top Management Team (TMT) has important consequences for organizational processes and outcomes. However, researchers have focused on the independent effects of diversity in these strategic leadership groups (SLGs), foregoing how it affects their interactions. We adopt a strategic leadership system perspective to account for tasks that a firm's BoD and TMT perform independently, as well as shared tasks performed at their interface. Focusing on the innovation process as a context for strategic decision-making and implementation, we hypothesize inverted u-shaped associations for independent effects of BoD and TMT gender compositions on innovation inputs and TMT gender composition on outcomes. To account for interactions at their interface, we also propose moderating effects between BoD and TMT gender compositions on their relationships with innovation input and outcomes. We find support for our hypotheses within a panel of highly innovative U.S. firms between 2005 and 2018. These findings have important implications for strategic leadership and diversity researchers and may provide guidance on balancing the gender composition of SLGs at firms that pursue innovation.

中文翻译：

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平衡之举：董事会和高层管理团队性别构成对创新的独立和相互依赖的影响


公司董事会 (BoD) 和高层管理团队 (TMT) 的人口构成对组织流程和结果具有重要影响。然而，研究人员关注的是这些战略领导群体（SLG）中多样性的独立影响，而不是它如何影响他们的互动。我们采用战略领导系统的视角来解释公司董事会和TMT独立执行的任务，以及在他们的界面上执行的共享任务。着眼于创新过程作为战略决策和实施的背景，我们假设 BoD 和 TMT 性别构成对创新投入以及 TMT 性别构成对结果的独立影响存在倒 U 形关联。为了解释他们界面上的相互作用，我们还提出了 BoD 和 TMT 性别构成对其与创新投入和成果的关系的调节作用。我们在 2005 年至 2018 年间高度创新的美国公司小组中找到了对我们假设的支持。这些发现对战略领导力和多样性研究人员具有重要意义，并可能为平衡追求创新的公司 SLG 的性别构成提供指导。