With the latest reform of the EU’s common agricultural policy (CAP) in 2021, the EU has introduced a modified toolkit of environmental instruments. This paper compares the final version of the legal texts of the current and preceding CAP to analyse whether there is potential scope for greater environmental ambition. A pivotal element of the new CAP is the new delivery model. This model grants Member States more flexibility to adjust CAP instruments according to their respective needs. While the new delivery model provides opportunities for more targeted interventions, clear guardrails are missing. In consequence, the EU institutions have limited influence on the CAP Strategic Plans’ level of ambition. Generally, the ambition level of the conditionality and also the budget attributed to environmental instruments within Pillar 2 was increased. The design of and participation in Eco-schemes, a new instrument in Pillar 1, will be the key factors determining whether the new CAP will lead to a significantly higher environmental performance. However, the Strategic Plan Regulation only contains vague recommendations to the Member States to take the Green Deal into account, which in no way meets the requirements formulated in the Green Deal. Furthermore, recent revisions to the new CAP legislation have rolled back some of the potential improvements that we identify in this paper.

中文翻译：

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2022年后共同农业政策的环境潜力有多大？


随着2021年欧盟共同农业政策（CAP）的最新改革，欧盟推出了经过修改的环境工具工具包。本文比较了当前和之前的 CAP 法律文本的最终版本，以分析是否存在更大的环境雄心的潜在空间。新 CAP 的一个关键要素是新的交付模式。该模式赋予成员国更大的灵活性，可以根据各自的需求调整 CAP 工具。虽然新的交付模式为更有针对性的干预措施提供了机会，但缺少明确的护栏。因此，欧盟机构对 CAP 战略计划目标水平的影响有限。总体而言，第二支柱内的环境文书的条件和预算的雄心水平有所提高。生态计划（第一支柱中的新工具）的设计和参与将是决定新的共同农业政策是否会显着提高环境绩效的关键因素。然而，《战略规划条例》仅向成员国提出了模糊的建议，以考虑《绿色新政》，这根本不符合《绿色新政》的要求。此外，最近对新 CAP 立法的修订已经取消了我们在本文中确定的一些潜在改进。