<br>可再生生物质气凝胶：从结构设计到功能调节,Chemical Society Reviews

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可再生生物质气凝胶：从结构设计到功能调节
Chemical Society Reviews ( IF 40.4 ) Pub Date : 2024-06-19 , DOI: 10.1039/d3cs01014g
Linfeng Chen ₁ , Xiaoxiao Yu ₁ , Mengyue Gao ₁ , Chengjian Xu ₁ , Junyan Zhang ₁ , Xinhai Zhang ₁ , Meifang Zhu ₁ , Yanhua Cheng ₁

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全球人口增长和工业化加剧了不可再生能源危机和环境问题，从而刺激了对生产环保材料的巨大需求。通常，以生物质材料为主要成分的生物质气凝胶（BA）因其具有生物相容性、可降解性和可再生性等优异性能，在各个领域显示出巨大的应用前景。为了提高BA的性能以满足不同场景的使用需求，过去几十年的大量创新工作都强调了微观结构设计对调节宏观功能的重要性。受自然界中从微观到中观和宏观尺度的材料普遍存在的随机或规则排列结构的启发，即使具有相似的生物分子组成，构建不同的微观结构通常也对应于完全不同的功能。本文从凝胶骨架和孔结构的角度重点阐述了不同多孔结构BA的制备工艺、设计理念、调控方法以及化学成分和微观结构的协同组合。不仅全面介绍了各种微观结构对BAs物理性能的影响，还分析了其在热管理、水处理、大气集水、CO ₂吸收、能量存储与转换、电磁干扰等相应领域的潜在应用。 EMI）屏蔽、生物应用等。最后，我们提供了我们对 BA 的挑战和未来机遇的看法。总体而言，我们的目标是在对现有数据进行全面分析的支持下，让研究人员全面了解 BA 的微观结构和性能之间的关系。

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Renewable biomass-based aerogels: from structural design to functional regulation

Global population growth and industrialization have exacerbated the nonrenewable energy crises and environmental issues, thereby stimulating an enormous demand for producing environmentally friendly materials. Typically, biomass-based aerogels (BAs), which are mainly composed of biomass materials, show great application prospects in various fields because of their exceptional properties such as biocompatibility, degradability, and renewability. To improve the performance of BAs to meet the usage requirements of different scenarios, a large number of innovative works in the past few decades have emphasized the importance of micro-structural design in regulating macroscopic functions. Inspired by the ubiquitous random or regularly arranged structures of materials in nature ranging from micro to meso and macro scales, constructing different microstructures often corresponds to completely different functions even with similar biomolecular compositions. This review focuses on the preparation process, design concepts, regulation methods, and the synergistic combination of chemical compositions and microstructures of BAs with different porous structures from the perspective of gel skeleton and pore structure. It not only comprehensively introduces the effect of various microstructures on the physical properties of BAs, but also analyzes their potential applications in the corresponding fields of thermal management, water treatment, atmospheric water harvesting, CO₂ absorption, energy storage and conversion, electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, biological applications, etc. Finally, we provide our perspectives regarding the challenges and future opportunities of BAs. Overall, our goal is to provide researchers with a thorough understanding of the relationship between the microstructures and properties of BAs, supported by a comprehensive analysis of the available data.

更新日期：2024-06-19

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