This paper investigated the determinants of unhealthy BMI categories, namely underweight, overweight, and obesity, for urban and rural women of childbearing age in Bangladesh. Multilevel nested logistic models were estimated using data from multiple waves (2004–18) of the Demographic and Health Surveys of Bangladesh. After controlling for community and regional effects, the underweight status showed an inverse relationship with years of education for urban and rural women. Conversely, the fitted model estimates revealed a positive association between overweight risk and education for both urban and rural women populations. However, the association between obesity and education was significant for only urban women. Employment status appeared to be negatively associated with the risks of being overweight and obese in both population groups. Moreover, the women were found less likely to be underweight and more likely to be overweight and obese when their household socio-economic status improved. Study findings have the potential to inform a wide range of interventions, policies and programs that simultaneously address the adverse consequences of underweight, overweight, and/obese population health conditions in rural and urban Bangladesh.

本文调查了孟加拉国城乡育龄妇女不健康体重指数类别（即体重不足、超重和肥胖）的决定因素。使用孟加拉国人口和健康调查的多波（2004-18）数据估计了多级嵌套逻辑模型。在控制社区和区域影响后，城乡妇女的体重不足状况与受教育年限呈反比关系。相反，拟合模型估计结果显示，城市和农村女性人口的超重风险与教育之间存在正相关关系。然而，肥胖与教育之间的关联仅对城市女性显着。在这两个人群中，就业状况似乎与超重和肥胖的风险呈负相关。此外，当家庭社会经济地位改善时，女性体重不足的可能性较小，超重和肥胖的可能性更大。研究结果有可能为广泛的干预措施、政策和计划提供信息，同时解决孟加拉国农村和城市体重不足、超重和/肥胖人口健康状况的不利后果。