Intensity Zones and Intensity Thresholds Used to Quantify External Load in Competitive Basketball: A Systematic Review,Sports Medicine

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Intensity Zones and Intensity Thresholds Used to Quantify External Load in Competitive Basketball: A Systematic Review
Sports Medicine ( IF 9.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-06-18 , DOI: 10.1007/s40279-024-02058-5
Matthew C Tuttle ₁ , Cody J Power ₁ , Vincent J Dalbo ₁ , Aaron T Scanlan ₁

Affiliation

Background

Despite widespread use of intensity zones to quantify external load variables in basketball research, the consistency in identifying zones and accompanying intensity thresholds using predominant monitoring approaches in training and games remains unclear.

Objectives

The purpose of this work was to examine the external load intensity zones and thresholds adopted across basketball studies using video-based time-motion analysis (TMA), microsensors, and local positioning systems (LPS).

Methods

PubMed, MEDLINE, and SPORTDiscus databases were searched from inception until 31 January 2023 for studies using intensity zones to quantify external load during basketball training sessions or games. Studies were excluded if they examined players participating in recreational or wheelchair basketball, were reviews or meta-analyses, or utilized monitoring approaches other than video-based TMA, microsensors, or LPS.

Results

Following screening, 86 studies were included. Video-based TMA studies consistently classified jogging, running, sprinting, and jumping as intensity zones, but demonstrated considerable variation in classifying low-intensity (standing and walking) and basketball-specific activities. Microsensor studies mostly utilized a single, and rather consistent, threshold to identify only high-intensity activities (> 3.5 m·s⁻² for accelerations, decelerations, and changes-in-direction or > 40 cm for jumps), not separately quantifying lower intensity zones. Similarly, LPS studies predominantly quantified only high-intensity activities in a relatively consistent manner for speed (> 18.0 m·s⁻¹) and acceleration/deceleration zones (> 2.0 m·s⁻²); however, the thresholds adopted for various intensity zones differed greatly to those used in TMA and microsensor research.

Conclusions

Notable inconsistencies were mostly evident for low-intensity activities, basketball-specific activities, and between the different monitoring approaches. Accordingly, we recommend further research to inform the development of consensus guidelines outlining suitable approaches when setting external load intensity zones and accompanying thresholds in research and practice.

中文翻译：

用于量化竞技篮球中外部负荷的强度区和强度阈值：系统评价

背景

尽管在篮球研究中广泛使用强度区域来量化外部负荷变量，但在训练和比赛中使用主要监测方法识别区域和伴随的强度阈值的一致性仍不清楚。

目标

这项工作的目的是使用基于视频的时间运动分析（TMA）、微传感器和局部定位系统（LPS）来检查篮球研究中采用的外部负荷强度区域和阈值。

方法

从建库到 2023 年 1 月 31 日，检索了 PubMed、MEDLINE 和 SPORTDiscus 数据库，以查找使用强度区量化篮球训练或比赛期间外部负荷的研究。如果研究检查了参加休闲或轮椅篮球比赛的球员，是综述或荟萃分析，或者使用了基于视频的 TMA、微传感器或 LPS 以外的监测方法，则这些研究被排除在外。

结果

筛选后，共纳入 86 项研究。基于视频的 TMA 研究一致地将慢跑、跑步、短跑和跳跃归类为强度区，但在对低强度（站立和步行）和篮球特定活动进行分类方面表现出相当大的差异。微传感器研究主要使用一个单一且相当一致的阈值来仅识别高强度活动（> 3.5 m·s⁻² 用于加速、减速和方向变化或 > 40 cm 用于跳跃），而不是单独量化低强度区域。同样，LPS 研究主要以相对一致的方式量化速度（> 18.0 m·s⁻¹）和加速/减速区（> 2.0 m·s⁻²）的高强度活动;然而，各种强度区采用的阈值与 TMA 和微传感器研究中使用的阈值有很大不同。