Wetland reclamation was an intrinsic part of nineteenth-century global agricultural transformations. In Swedish research, reclamation has mainly been situated in larger general processes of population rise, commercialization and societal/technological development. The intersection of reclamation, physical environments and local economies has seldom been studied in detail. This paper conducts a local analysis of nineteenth-century wetland reclamation in two parishes in Sweden, Knätte and Mörlunda, through combining a study of specific reclamation processes with an analysis of local agrarian-economic development. The results show that these processes varied depending on specific historical-geographical circumstances. In Knätte, reclamation was not primarily related to population rise, but to increasing commercialization during the period. The case in Mörlunda instead shows how reclamation was first a response to increasing population but later developed into a project of agricultural market adaptation. In both cases, the physical environment led to varying degrees of geographic constraint in the process. In combination, these results point to the importance of detailed case studies in nuancing our understanding of nineteenth-century wetland reclamation both in Sweden and internationally.

中文翻译：

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重新审视开垦：十九世纪瑞典农业转型的比较分析


湿地开垦是十九世纪全球农业转型的固有组成部分。在瑞典的研究中，开垦主要存在于人口增长、商业化和社会/技术发展的更大一般过程中。填海、自然环境和当地经济的交叉点很少被详细研究。本文通过对具体开垦过程的研究与对当地农业经济发展的分析相结合，对瑞典两个教区克奈特和莫伦达的十九世纪湿地开垦进行了当地分析。结果表明，这些过程因特定的历史地理环境而异。在克奈特，开垦主要与人口增长无关，而是与该时期商业化程度的提高有关。相反，莫伦达的案例表明，开垦最初是对人口增长的反应，但后来发展成为农业市场适应项目。在这两种情况下，物理环境都导致了过程中不同程度的地理限制。综合起来，这些结果表明了详细案例研究对于加深我们对瑞典和国际上十九世纪湿地开垦的理解的重要性。