Drawing upon the interdisciplinary integration of co-production approaches of public service rooted in the public administration science, this study presents a retrospective analysis of the impact of public service and identifies key co-producers of tourism destination competitiveness (TDC) during uncertain periods. Utilizing the mixed qualitative and quantitative analysis of the policies implemented in Macao from 2020 to 2023 and the data from 1109 questionnaire surveys involving stakeholders, this study identifies 22 dimensions of the four types of co-production public services. This establishes the internal casual effects between the co-production public service and the TDC, which are achieved through diverse combination of co-production public service dimensions and specific co-producers, considering both their asymmetric and symmetric aspects. Our findings offer new insights into the tourism literature on TDC, exploring the conditions facilitated by co-production public service and providing valuable guidance for destination governments in developing public services to enhance TDC.

中文翻译：

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从颠覆到常态：共同生产公共服务和目的地竞争力


本研究借鉴公共管理科学中公共服务共同生产方法的跨学科整合，对公共服务的影响进行了回顾性分析，并确定了不确定时期旅游目的地竞争力（TDC）的关键共同生产者。本研究利用2020年至2023年澳门实施的政策的混合定性和定量分析以及1109份涉及利益相关者的问卷调查数据，确定了四类共产公共服务的22个维度。这就建立了合拍公共服务与TDC之间的内在偶然效应，这种效应是通过合拍公共服务维度和特定共同制作者的多样化组合，考虑其不对称和对称方面来实现的。我们的研究结果为有关 TDC 的旅游文献提供了新的见解，探索了共同生产公共服务所促进的条件，并为目的地政府发展公共服务以加强 TDC 提供了宝贵的指导。