Street-migration of children is a global problem with sparse multi-level or longitudinal data. Such data are required to inform robust street-migration prevention efforts. This study analyzes longitudinal cohort data to identify factors predicting street-migration of children – at caregiver- and village-levels. Kenyan adult respondents ( = 575; 20 villages) actively participated in a community-based intervention, seeking to improve factors previously identified as contributing to street-migration by children. At two time points, respondents reported street-migration of children, and variables across economic, social, psychological, mental, parenting, and childhood experience domains. Primary study outcome was newly reported street-migration of children at T2 “incident street-migration”, compared to households that reported no street-migration at T1 or T2. In regression analyses, caregiver childhood experiences, psychological factors and parenting behaviors predicted future street-migration. Lower village-aggregated depression and higher village-aggregated collective efficacy and social curiosity appeared significantly protective. While parenting and economic strengthening approaches may be helpful, efforts to prevent street migration by children should also strengthen community-level mental health, collective efficacy, and communal harmony.

中文翻译：

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预测肯尼亚儿童街头迁移的多系统因素：家庭和村庄的多层次纵向研究


儿童街头流动是一个全球性问题，多层次或纵向数据稀疏。需要这些数据来为强有力的街头移民预防工作提供信息。本研究分析了纵向队列数据，以确定在看护者和村庄层面预测儿童街头迁移的因素。肯尼亚成年受访者（= 575；20 个村庄）积极参与基于社区的干预措施，寻求改善先前确定的导致儿童街头移徙的因素。在两个时间点，受访者报告了儿童的街头迁移情况，以及经济、社会、心理、心理、养育和童年经历领域的变量。主要研究结果是与 T1 或 T2 报告没有街头迁移的家庭相比，T2 时新报告的儿童街头迁移“事件街头迁移”。在回归分析中，看护者的童年经历、心理因素和养育行为预测了未来的街头移民。较低的村庄总体抑郁度和较高的村庄总体集体效能和社会好奇心表现出显着的保护作用。虽然养育子女和强化经济的方法可能有所帮助，但防止儿童街头流动的努力还应加强社区层面的心理健康、集体效能和社区和谐。