Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are a family of structurally complex heteropolysaccharides that play pivotal roles in biological functions, including the regulation of cell proliferation, enzyme inhibition, and activation of growth factor receptors. Therefore, the synthesis of GAGs is a hot research topic in drug development. The enzymatic synthesis of GAGs has received widespread attention due to their eco-friendly nature, high regioselectivity, and stereoselectivity. The enhancement of the enzymatic synthesis process is the key to its industrial applications. In this review, we overviewed the construction of more efficient biomimetic synthesis systems of glycosaminoglycans and presented the different strategies to improve enzyme catalysis, including the combination of chemical and enzymatic methods, solid-phase synthesis, and protein engineering to solve the problems of enzyme stability, separation and purification of the product, preparation of structurally defined sugar chains, , and discussed the challenges and opportunities in large-scale green synthesis of GAGs.

中文翻译：

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酶介导的糖胺聚糖绿色合成及催化过程强化


糖胺聚糖 (GAG) 是一类结构复杂的杂多糖，在生物功能中发挥着关键作用，包括细胞增殖的调节、酶抑制和生长因子受体的激活。因此，GAGs的合成是药物开发中的热点研究课题。 GAGs的酶法合成由于其环境友好性、高区域选择性和立体选择性而受到广泛关注。酶法合成工艺的增强是其工业化应用的关键。在这篇综述中，我们概述了更有效的糖胺聚糖仿生合成系统的构建，并提出了改善酶催化的不同策略，包括化学和酶法的结合、固相合成和蛋白质工程来解决酶稳定性问题、产物的分离和纯化、结构明确的糖链的制备、并讨论了大规模绿色合成GAG的挑战和机遇。