To reduce pesticide waste caused by uneven airflow distribution, the geometry parameters of axial air-assisted sprayer deflectors were investigated for potential influence on air outlet velocities. Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) was employed to simulate the complex interactions between the airflow discharged from the air-assisted sprayer and the neighboring environment, investigating the effects of the length and mounting angles of the upper and lower deflectors on the airflow distribution. The validated CFD model was combined with the response surface methodology (RSM) with root mean square error of 1.461 m s and mean relative error of 22.01%, respectively. RSM with four factors and five levels was employed to optimize the geometric parameters of the sprayer deflectors, including upper deflector length, upper deflector mounting angle, lower deflector length and lower deflector mounting angle. Based on the least squares analysis of RSM, the influence of each factor and their interactions on the airflow distribution from the sprayer outlet were estimated. The optimal values of upper deflector length, upper deflector mounting angle, lower deflector length and lower deflector mounting angle were 495 mm, 65°, 205 mm and 15°, respectively. The coefficient of variation (CV) of the air velocities from the optimized sprayer outlet was reduced by 29.95%, indicating an improvement in the uniformity of the airflow distribution and an enhancement in pesticide utilization.

中文翻译：

---

果园轴向空气辅助喷雾机偏转器的 CFD 分析和基于 RSM 的设计优化


为了减少气流分布不均匀造成的农药浪费，研究了轴向空气辅助喷雾器导流板的几何参数对空气出口速度的潜在影响。采用计算流体动力学（CFD）模拟空气辅助喷雾机排出的气流与周围环境之间复杂的相互作用，研究上下导流板的长度和安装角度对气流分布的影响。经验证的 CFD 模型与响应面法 (RSM) 相结合，均方根误差为 1.461 m s，平均相对误差分别为 22.01%。采用四因子五水平的RSM对喷雾器导流板的几何参数进行优化，包括上导流板长度、上导流板安装角度、下导流板长度和下导流板安装角度。基于RSM最小二乘分析，估计了各因素及其交互作用对喷雾机出口气流分布的影响。上导流板长度、上导流板安装角度、下导流板长度和下导流板安装角度的最佳值分别为495 mm、65°、205 mm和15°。优化后的喷雾机出口风速变异系数（CV）降低了29.95%，气流分布均匀性得到改善，农药利用率得到提高。