Dibutyl phthalate (DBP) is a widely-used plasticizer that is dispersed in various environments, causing significant pollution and health risks. The toxic mechanism of DBP has been discussed in recent years, while the susceptibility of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to DBP exposure and the resulting damage remain unclear. In this study, maternal zebrafish were exposed to environmentally relevant concentration of DBP for 0, 2, 4, and 6 weeks. Results showed that DBP exposure impaired health status, leading to the reduced body length and weight, condition factor, hepatosomatic index, and gonadosomatic index. Furthermore, DBP exposure induced oxidative stress and ATP deficiency in the gill and liver in a time-dependent manner. The oxidized mtDNA (ox-mtDNA) levels in the and regions were assessed in different tissues, showing distinct response patterns. The high energy-consuming tissues such as heart, brain, gill, and liver exhibited elevated susceptibility to mitochondrial damage, with a rapid increase in ox-mtDNA levels in the short term. Conversely, in muscle, ovary, eggs, and offspring, ox-mtDNA gradually accumulated over the exposure period. Notably, the ox-mtDNA levels in the region of blood showed a prompt response to DBP exposure, making it convenient for evaluation. Additionally, decreased hatching rates, increased mortality, lipoperoxidation, and depressed swimming performance were observed in offspring following maternal DBP exposure, suggesting the inherited impairments of maternal mtDNA. These findings highlight the potential for ox-mtDNA to serve as a convenient biomarker for environmental contamination, aiding in ecological risk assessment and forewarning systems in aquatic environment.

中文翻译：

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暴露于环境相关水平的邻苯二甲酸二丁酯的母体斑马鱼（斑马鱼）线粒体 DNA 的氧化损伤


邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）是一种广泛使用的增塑剂，分散在各种环境中，造成严重的污染和健康风险。近年来，DBP 的毒性机制已被讨论，但线粒体 DNA (mtDNA) 对 DBP 暴露的敏感性以及由此产生的损害仍不清楚。在这项研究中，母体斑马鱼暴露于环境相关浓度的 DBP 中 0、2、4 和 6 周。结果表明，DBP暴露会损害健康状况，导致体长和体重、体况因子、肝体指数和性腺指数下降。此外，DBP 暴露以时间依赖性方式诱导鳃和肝脏中的氧化应激和 ATP 缺乏。在不同组织中评估 和 区域的氧化 mtDNA (ox-mtDNA) 水平，显示出不同的反应模式。心脏、大脑、鳃和肝脏等高能量消耗组织对线粒体损伤的敏感性升高，短期内ox-mtDNA水平迅速增加。相反，在肌肉、卵巢、卵子和后代中，ox-mtDNA 在暴露期间逐渐积累。值得注意的是，血液区域的 ox-mtDNA 水平对 DBP 暴露表现出迅速反应，从而方便评估。此外，在母体 DBP 暴露后，子代观察到孵化率下降、死亡率增加、脂质过氧化和游泳能力下降，这表明母体 mtDNA 存在遗传性损伤。这些发现凸显了ox-mtDNA作为环境污染的便捷生物标志物的潜力，有助于水生环境中的生态风险评估和预警系统。