Youth-onset type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasingly common and is often diagnosed shortly before transition from pediatric to adult care. Little is known about the experience of emerging adults (EAs) with T2D and the readiness, barriers, and facilitators to transition. This study sought to describe the illness experience of EAs with T2D and perceptions about transition, and explore themes by “transition readiness,” measured by the Transition Readiness Assessment Questionnaire (TRAQ). In this mixed-methods study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with EAs with T2D using a guide grounded in the health belief model, administered the TRAQ, and collected disease metrics from the electronic medical record. We developed a coding scheme using a directed content-analysis approach and triangulated qualitative and quantitative data to compare themes stratified by mean TRAQ score. Participants described modifying factors like adjusting to life with a chronic illness and coping with mental health issues as critical elements of the illness experience that influence transition. Individual beliefs emerged including the perceived risk of disease complications being informed by experience of family members, self-efficacy in diabetes care hinging on the ability to be highly organized, and transition as a daunting obstacle with numerous emotional and logistical barriers. Participants emphasized the need for support from caregivers and providers throughout transition. Themes did not vary significantly by TRAQ score. Experiences of EAs with T2D suggest more assistance is needed in the transition period to address factors such as mental health, organizational skills, and identifying support people to facilitate care.

中文翻译：

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患有 2 型糖尿病的新兴成年人：了解疾病经历并过渡到成人护理


青少年发病的 2 型糖尿病 (T2D) 越来越常见，通常在从儿科护理过渡到成人护理之前不久被诊断出来。人们对患有 T2D 的新兴成年人 (EA) 的经历以及过渡的准备情况、障碍和促进因素知之甚少。本研究旨在描述 EA 患有 T2D 的疾病经历和对过渡的看法，并通过过渡准备情况评估问卷 (TRAQ) 衡量的“过渡准备情况”探讨主题。在这项混合方法研究中，我们使用基于健康信念模型的指南对患有 T2D 的 EA 进行了半结构化访谈，管理了 TRAQ，并从电子病历中收集了疾病指标。我们开发了一种编码方案，使用定向内容分析方法和三角定性和定量数据来比较按平均 TRAQ 分数分层的主题。参与者将适应慢性病生活和应对心理健康问题等改变因素描述为影响过渡的疾病经历的关键因素。出现了个人信念，包括通过家庭成员的经验了解疾病并发症的感知风险，糖尿病护理中的自我效能取决于高度组织的能力，以及过渡作为一个令人畏惧的障碍，存在许多情感和后勤障碍。参与者强调在整个过渡过程中需要护理人员和提供者的支持。 TRAQ 评分的主题没有显着差异。 2型糖尿病 EA 的经验表明，在过渡期需要更多援助，以解决心理健康、组织技能和确定支持人员以促进护理等因素。