A novel contaminant in museums? A cross-sectional study on xerophilic Aspergillus growth in climate-controlled repositories,Science of the Total Environment

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A novel contaminant in museums? A cross-sectional study on xerophilic Aspergillus growth in climate-controlled repositories
Science of the Total Environment ( IF 8.2 ) Pub Date : 2024-06-08 , DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173880
Camilla Jul Bastholm ₁ , Birgitte Andersen ₂ , Jens Christian Frisvad ₃ , Stine Karstenskov Oestergaard ₂ , Jeppe Lund Nielsen ₂ , Anne Mette Madsen ₄ , Jane Richter ₅

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In the last decade, extensive fungal growth has developed in Danish museums parallel to climate change, challenging occupational health and heritage preservation. The growth was unexpected as the museums strived to control relative humidity below 60 %, and it should exceed 75 % to risk growth. A Danish case study found xerophilic Aspergillus species able to grow at low relative humidity in a museum repository. This cross-sectional study aimed to examine whether xerophilic growth from Aspergillus section Restricti has become a novel contaminant nationally distributed in Danish museum repositories striving to control relative humidity according to international environmental recommendations for heritage collections. The study examined The National Museum of Denmark and eight large State Recognized museums distributed throughout Denmark. It was based on 600 swab and tape-lift samples and 60 MAS100-Eco and filter air samples analyzed for fungi with cultivation and morphological identification, Big-Dye-Sanger sequencing, CaM-Nanopore and ITS-Illumina amplicon sequencing. The study showed growth from seven xerophilic Aspergillus species: A. conicus, A. domesticus, A. glabripes, A. halophilicus, A. magnivesiculatus, A. penicilloides, A. vitricola, of which three are new to Denmark, and 13 xerotolerant Aspergillus species. There was no growth from other fungal species. The multiple detection approach provided a broad characterization; however, there was variance in the detected species depending on the analysis approach. Cultivation and Big-Dye Sanger sequencing showed the highest Aspergillus diversity, detecting 17 species; CaM-Nanopore amplicon sequencing detected 12 species; and ITS-illumina amplicon sequencing detected two species but the highest overall diversity. Cultivation, followed by Big-Dye Sanger and CaM-amplicon sequencing, proved the highest compliance. The study concluded that xerophilic Aspergillus growth is nationally distributed and suggests species from Aspergillus section Restricti as a novel contaminant in climate-controlled museum repositories. To safeguard occupational health and heritage preservation research in sustainable solutions, avoiding xerophilic growth in museum collections is most important.

中文翻译：

博物馆里有一种新的污染物？气候控制存储库中嗜旱曲霉菌生长的横断面研究

在过去十年中，丹麦博物馆的真菌广泛生长，与气候变化平行，对职业健康和遗产保护提出了挑战。这种增长是出乎意料的，因为博物馆努力将相对湿度控制在 60% 以下，并且应该超过 75% 才会有增长的风险。丹麦的一项案例研究发现，嗜旱曲霉物种能够在博物馆仓库中的低相对湿度下生长。这项横断面研究旨在检查曲霉属 Restricti 部分的嗜旱生长是否已成为一种新型污染物，分布在丹麦博物馆库中，努力根据国际环境建议控制相对湿度的遗产收藏。该研究考察了丹麦国家博物馆和分布在丹麦各地的八家大型国家认可博物馆。它基于 600 个拭子和胶带提取样品以及 60 个 MAS100-Eco 和过滤空气样品，通过培养和形态学鉴定、Big-Dye-Sanger 测序、CaM-Nanopore 和 ITS-Illumina 扩增子测序来分析真菌。该研究显示了 7 种嗜旱曲霉菌种的生长：A. conicus、A. domesticus、A. glabripes、A. halophilicus、A. magnivesiculatus、A. penicilloides、A. vitricola，其中 3 种是丹麦的新物种，以及 13 种耐旱曲霉菌种。没有其他真菌物种的生长。多重检测方法提供了广泛的特征;然而，根据分析方法的不同，检测到的物种存在差异。培养和 Big-Dye Sanger 测序显示曲霉菌多样性最高，检测到 17 个物种;CaM-Nanopore 扩增子测序检测到 12 种;ITS-illumina 扩增子测序检测到 2 个物种，但总体多样性最高。培养，然后是 Big-Dye Sanger 和 CaM 扩增子测序，证明依从性最高。该研究得出结论，嗜旱曲霉菌的生长在全国范围内分布，并表明来自曲霉菌部分 Restricti 的物种是气候控制博物馆存储库中的一种新型污染物。为了在可持续解决方案中保护职业健康和遗产保护研究，避免博物馆藏品的亲旱性增长至关重要。

更新日期：2024-06-08

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