The literature on the role of parenting in the relation between child inhibited temperament and child anxiety is inconsistent, with some literature supporting a moderating role and some literature supporting alternative (e.g., mediating) roles. A systematic review of the evidence that parenting moderates the longitudinal relation between child inhibited temperament and child anxiety is needed. A systematic review of the literature was conducted in February and March of 2022 and repeated in January of 2024. Ten articles met criteria for inclusion, with 39 moderation analyses of interest among them. All included studies were conducted in Western contexts with predominately White, middle-class families. Thus, the current review can only be generalized to this population. Despite inconsistent findings, some evidence indicated that avoidance-promoting parenting behaviors such as overprotection and overinvolvement moderate the relation between child inhibited temperament and social anxiety symptoms, in particular. There was a lack of evidence that parenting behaviors moderate the relation between child inhibited temperament and anxiety disorders, and that affect-related parenting behaviors (e.g., negativity) moderate the relation between child inhibited temperament and non-social anxiety symptoms. There was mixed evidence regarding the moderating role of control-related parenting behaviors in the relation between child inhibited temperament and non-social anxiety symptoms, with some evidence that encouraging behaviors moderate this relation. Future research is needed to clarify these inconsistent and nuanced findings and investigate this moderation in non-Western, non-White, and low-income populations.

关于养育在儿童抑制气质和儿童焦虑之间关系中的作用的文献并不一致，一些文献支持调节作用，一些文献支持替代（例如，中介）角色。需要对养育方式调节儿童抑制气质与儿童焦虑之间纵向关系的证据进行系统评价。2022 年 2 月和 3 月对文献进行了系统评价，并于 2024 年 1 月重复进行了研究。10 篇文章符合纳入标准，其中 39 篇涉及相关审核分析。所有纳入的研究均在以白人为主的中产阶级家庭的西方环境中进行。因此，目前的综述只能推广到这一人群。尽管研究结果不一致，但一些证据表明，促进回避的育儿行为，如过度保护和过度参与，特别是调节了儿童抑制气质与社交焦虑症状之间的关系。缺乏证据表明养育行为调节了儿童抑制性气质与焦虑障碍之间的关系，而与情感相关的养育行为（例如消极情绪）调节了儿童抑制性情与非社交焦虑症状之间的关系。关于控制相关养育行为在儿童抑制气质和非社交焦虑症状之间关系中的调节作用，证据好坏参半，一些证据表明鼓励行为会调节这种关系。需要未来的研究来澄清这些不一致和细微的发现，并调查非西方、非白人和低收入人群的这种缓和。