Catalysts for oxygen conversion play an important role in energy storage and conversion technologies such as metal–air batteries. Developing highly active, stable, and low-cost catalysts is critical for further implementation of the above technologies. Herein, an efficient oxygen electrocatalyst with Co₂P nanoparticles (NPs) coupling onto N,P-doped porous carbon nanosheets (Co₂P@NPAC) derived from cotton stalk is successfully designed and prepared via activation, hydrothermal treatment, and pyrolysis procedure. The excellent properties of electrical conductivity, mass transfer, and synergistic integration between Co₂P and N,P-doped carbon endow Co₂P@NPAC composite with superior oxygen reduction reaction/oxygen evolution reaction (ORR/OER) performance. Co₂P@NPAC catalyst achieves ORR activity with half-wave potential of 0.85 V and high OER activity with overpotential of 261 mV at 10 mA·cm⁻². The flexible Zn–air batteries (ZABs) based on Co₂P@NPAC catalyst reveal outstanding performances with a high open-circuit voltage (1.38 V), a peak power density of (75 mW·cm⁻²), and a low charge–discharge voltage gap (0.74 V, ∼ 200 cycles). The flexible ZABs express the stable discharge–charge voltage gap at various bending states. This work provides interesting inspiration for the ingenious design of efficient carbon electrocatalysts from biomass with potential application of energy storage and conversion devices.

Graphical Abstract

中文翻译：

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将 Co2P 纳米粒子耦合到 N,P 掺杂的生物质衍生碳上，作为柔性锌空气电池的高效电催化剂

氧转化催化剂在金属-空气电池等能量存储和转化技术中发挥着重要作用。开发高活性、稳定、低成本的催化剂对于上述技术的进一步应用至关重要。在此，成功设计了一种高效氧电催化剂，将 Co ₂ P 纳米颗粒（NPs）偶联到源自棉秆的 N,P 掺杂多孔碳纳米片（Co ₂ P@NPAC）上并通过活化、水热处理和热解过程制备。 Co ₂ P 与 N,P 掺杂碳之间优异的导电性、传质性和协同集成性能赋予 Co ₂ P@NPAC 复合材料优异的氧还原反应/氧进化反应（ORR/OER）性能。 Co ₂ P@NPAC 催化剂在 10 mA·cm 下实现了半波电位为 0.85 V 的 ORR 活性和过电位为 261 mV 的高 OER 活性 ⁻² 。基于Co ₂ P@NPAC催化剂的柔性锌空气电池（ZAB）表现出优异的性能，具有高开路电压（1.38 V）、峰值功率密度（75 mW·cm ⁻² ）和低充放电电压间隙（0.74 V，~ 200 个循环）。柔性 ZAB 表示各种弯曲状态下稳定的放电-充电电压间隙。这项工作为巧妙设计来自生物质的高效碳电催化剂以及能源存储和转换装置的潜在应用提供了有趣的灵感。

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