Multifunctional, flexible, and robust thin films capable of operating in demanding harsh temperature environments are crucial for various cutting-edge applications. This study presents a multifunctional Janus film integrating highly-crystalline Ti₃C₂T_x MXene and mechanically-robust carbon nanotube (CNT) film through strong hydrogen bonding. The hybrid film not only exhibits high electrical conductivity (4250 S cm⁻¹), but also demonstrates robust mechanical strength and durability in both extremely low and high temperature environments, showing exceptional resistance to thermal shock. This hybrid Janus film of 15 μm thickness reveals remarkable multifunctionality, including efficient electromagnetic shielding effectiveness of 72 dB in X band frequency range, excellent infrared (IR) shielding capability with an average emissivity of 0.09 (a minimal value of 0.02), superior thermal camouflage performance over a wide temperature range (− 1 to 300 °C) achieving a notable reduction in the radiated temperature by 243 °C against a background temperature of 300 °C, and outstanding IR detection capability characterized by a 44% increase in resistance when exposed to 250 W IR radiation. This multifunctional MXene/CNT Janus film offers a feasible solution for electromagnetic shielding and IR shielding/detection under challenging conditions.

能够在苛刻的恶劣温度环境下运行的多功能、灵活且坚固的薄膜对于各种尖端应用至关重要。这项研究提出了一种多功能 Janus 薄膜，通过强氢键将高结晶 Ti ₃ C ₂ T _x MXene 和机械坚固的碳纳米管 (CNT) 薄膜集成在一起。该混合薄膜不仅具有高电导率（4250 S cm ⁻¹ ），而且在极低和高温环境下均表现出强大的机械强度和耐久性，表现出出色的耐热冲击性。这种厚度为 15 μm 的混合 Janus 薄膜展现出卓越的多功能性，包括在 X 波段频率范围内有效达到 72 dB 的电磁屏蔽效能、平均发射率为 0.09（最小值为 0.02）的出色红外 (IR) 屏蔽能力、卓越的热伪装能力在较宽的温度范围（− 1 至 300 °C）内表现出色，与 300 °C 的背景温度相比，辐射温度显着降低了 243 °C，并且具有出色的红外检测能力，暴露时电阻增加了 44%至 250 W 红外辐射。这种多功能 MXene/CNT Janus 薄膜为挑战性条件下的电磁屏蔽和红外屏蔽/检测提供了可行的解决方案。