Scholars tend to evaluate the effects of cultural factors on social entrepreneurial activity based on either cultural values or cultural practices. However, societal inconsistencies between values and practices have the potential to create uncertainty in expected entrepreneurial behaviors. In this paper, we operationalize cultural dissonance as the gap between cultural values and cultural practices and draw on role congruity theory to theorize and test how cultural dissonance influences engagement in social entrepreneurship. Using data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor, the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavior Effectiveness, and the World Bank datasets (N = 23,828), we show that cultural dissonance can either impede or encourage social entrepreneurial activity and that female entrepreneurs are less sensitive to these effects than male entrepreneurs.

学者们倾向于根据文化价值观或文化实践来评估文化因素对社会创业活动的影响。然而，社会价值观和实践之间的不一致有可能给预期的创业行为带来不确定性。在本文中，我们将文化失调视为文化价值观和文化实践之间的差距，并利用角色一致性理论来理论化和测试文化失调如何影响社会企业家精神的参与。使用来自全球创业监测、全球领导力和组织行为有效性以及世界银行数据集（N = 23,828）的数据，我们表明文化失调会阻碍或鼓励社会创业活动，而女性企业家对这些影响不太敏感高于男性企业家。