Paracetamol, a common pain reliever, has seen a significant rise in use, particularly during the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. This widespread consumption has led to increased levels of paracetamol in the environment through wastewater discharge. This raises concerns about its potential impact on aquatic ecosystems. Here, we review the state-of-the-art methods for removing paracetamol from wastewater, focusing on adsorption techniques. We explore how different materials and operational conditions influence the effectiveness of this approach. We also discuss the potential of combining adsorption with oxidative methods for enhanced removal. We further assess the environmental impact by critically examining the ecotoxicological effects of paracetamol on aquatic organisms. This analysis compares established toxicity values with those observed in studies using real wastewater samples. Finally, we highlight the specific needs for further research and development of efficient and sustainable strategies to mitigate paracetamol pollution, ensuring the safety of both human and aquatic life.

扑热息痛是一种常见的止痛药，其使用量显着增加，特别是在 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行期间。这种广泛的消费导致废水排放导致环境中扑热息痛的含量增加。这引起了人们对其对水生生态系统潜在影响的担忧。在这里，我们回顾了从废水中去除扑热息痛的最先进方法，重点关注吸附技术。我们探索不同的材料和操作条件如何影响这种方法的有效性。我们还讨论了将吸附与氧化方法相结合以增强去除的潜力。我们通过严格检查扑热息痛对水生生物的生态毒理学影响来进一步评估环境影响。该分析将确定的毒性值与使用真实废水样品的研究中观察到的毒性值进行比较。最后，我们强调进一步研究和开发有效和可持续策略的具体需求，以减轻扑热息痛污染，确保人类和水生生物的安全。