ppGpp is a dual-role regulator involved in balancing iron absorption and prodiginine biosynthesis in Pseudoalteromonas,Molecular Microbiology

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ppGpp is a dual-role regulator involved in balancing iron absorption and prodiginine biosynthesis in Pseudoalteromonas
Molecular Microbiology ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 , DOI: 10.1111/mmi.15285
Ning Wei ₁ , Fanglan Zha ₁ , Luosai Zhou ₁ , Hongyang Xu ₁ , Zhuangzhuang Liu ₁ , Qiu Meng ₁ , Tingheng Zhu ₁ , Jianhua Yin ₁ , Zhiliang Yu ₁

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Iron is an essential element for microbial survival and secondary metabolism. However, excess iron availability and overloaded secondary metabolites can hinder microbial growth and survival. Microorganisms must tightly control iron homeostasis and secondary metabolism. Our previous studies have found that the stringent starvation protein A (SspA) positively regulates prodiginine biosynthesis by activating iron uptake in Pseudoalteromonas sp. strain R3. It is believed that the interaction between SspA and the small nucleotide ppGpp is important for iron to exert regulation functions. However, the roles of ppGpp in iron absorption and prodiginine biosynthesis, and the underlying relationship between ppGpp and SspA in strain R3 remain unclear. In this study, we found that ppGpp accumulation in strain R3 could be induced by limiting iron. In addition, ppGpp not only positively regulated iron uptake and prodiginine biosynthesis via increasing the SspA level but also directly repressed iron uptake and prodiginine biosynthesis independent of SspA, highlighting the finding that ppGpp can stabilize both iron levels and prodiginine production. Notably, the abolishment of ppGpp significantly increased prodiginine production, thus providing a theoretical basis for manipulating prodiginine production in the future. This dynamic ppGpp-mediated interaction between iron uptake and prodiginine biosynthesis has significant implications for understanding the roles of nutrient uptake and secondary metabolism for the survival of bacteria in unfavorable environments.

中文翻译：

ppGpp 是一种双重作用调节剂，参与平衡假交替单胞菌中的铁吸收和原精氨酸生物合成

铁是微生物生存和次生代谢的必需元素。然而，过量的铁可用性和超载的次生代谢物会阻碍微生物的生长和生存。微生物必须严格控制铁稳态和次级代谢。我们之前的研究发现，严格饥饿蛋白 A (SspA) 通过激活假交替单胞菌 ( Pseudoalteromonas sp.) 中的铁摄取来正向调节 prodiginine 生物合成。菌株R3。人们认为SspA和小核苷酸ppGpp之间的相互作用对于铁发挥调节功能很重要。然而，ppGpp 在铁吸收和 prodiginine 生物合成中的作用，以及菌株 R3 中 ppGpp 和 SspA 之间的潜在关系仍不清楚。在这项研究中，我们发现限制铁可以诱导菌株 R3 中 ppGpp 的积累。此外，ppGpp不仅通过增加SspA水平正向调节铁的摄取和前地奇宁的生物合成，而且还独立于SspA直接抑制铁的摄取和前地奇宁的生物合成，强调了ppGpp可以稳定铁水平和前地奇宁的产生。值得注意的是，ppGpp的废除显着增加了prodiginine的产量，从而为未来操纵prodiginine的产量提供了理论基础。这种 ppGpp 介导的铁吸收和原精氨酸生物合成之间的动态相互作用对于理解营养吸收和次生代谢对于细菌在不利环境中生存的作用具有重要意义。

更新日期：2024-06-06

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