Anoikis, known as matrix detachment-induced apoptosis or detachment-induced cell death, is crucial for tissue development and homeostasis. Cancer cells develop means to evade anoikis, e.g. anoikis resistance, thereby allowing for cells to survive under anchorage-independent conditions. Uncovering the mechanisms of anoikis resistance will provide details about cancer metastasis, and potential strategies against cancer cell dissemination and metastasis. Here, we summarize the principal elements and core molecular mechanisms of anoikis and anoikis resistance. We discuss the latest progress of how anoikis and anoikis resistance are regulated in cancers. Furthermore, we summarize emerging data on selective compounds and nanomedicines, explaining how inhibiting anoikis resistance can serve as a meaningful treatment modality against cancers. Finally, we discuss the key limitations of this therapeutic paradigm and possible strategies to overcome them. In this review, we suggest that pharmacological modulation of anoikis and anoikis resistance by bioactive compounds could surmount anoikis resistance, highlighting a promising therapeutic regimen that could be used to overcome anoikis resistance in cancers.

中文翻译：

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将失巢凋亡抵抗作为癌症治疗策略


失巢凋亡，又称基质脱离诱导的细胞凋亡或脱离诱导的细胞死亡，对于组织发育和体内平衡至关重要。癌细胞发展出逃避失巢凋亡的手段，例如失巢凋亡抗性，从而允许细胞在不依赖锚定的条件下存活。揭示失巢凋亡抵抗机制将提供有关癌症转移的详细信息以及对抗癌细胞传播和转移的潜在策略。在此，我们总结了失巢凋亡和失巢凋亡抵抗的主要要素和核心分子机制。我们讨论了癌症中失巢凋亡和失巢凋亡抵抗的最新进展。此外，我们总结了有关选择性化合物和纳米药物的新数据，解释了抑制失巢凋亡抵抗如何可以作为一种有意义的癌症治疗方式。最后，我们讨论了这种治疗范式的主要局限性以及克服这些局限性的可能策略。在这篇综述中，我们建议通过生物活性化合物对失巢凋亡和失巢凋亡抵抗进行药理学调节可以克服失巢凋亡抵抗，强调了一种有前途的治疗方案，可用于克服癌症中的失巢凋亡抵抗。