Preventing the recurrence of melanoma after surgery and accelerating wound healing are among the most challenging aspects of melanoma management. Photothermal therapy has been widely used to treat tumors and bacterial infections and promote wound healing. Owing to its efficacy and specificity, it may be used for postoperative management of tumors. However, its use is limited by the uncontrollable distribution of photosensitizers and the likelihood of damage to the surrounding normal tissue. Hydrogels provide a moist environment with strong biocompatibility and adhesion for wound healing owing to their highly hydrophilic three-dimensional network structure. In addition, these materials serve as excellent drug carriers for tumor treatment and wound healing. It is possible to combine the advantages of both of these agents through different loading modalities to provide a powerful platform for the prevention of tumor recurrence and wound healing. This review summarizes the design strategies, research progress and mechanism of action of hydrogels used in photothermal therapy and discusses their role in preventing tumor recurrence and accelerating wound healing. These findings provide valuable insights into the postoperative management of melanoma and may guide the development of promising multifunctional hydrogels for photothermal therapy.

中文翻译：

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基于光热疗法的多功能水凝胶：黑色素瘤术后治疗的前瞻性平台


预防黑色素瘤术后复发和加速伤口愈合是黑色素瘤治疗中最具挑战性的方面。光热疗法已广泛用于治疗肿瘤和细菌感染以及促进伤口愈合。由于其功效和特异性，它可用于肿瘤的术后治疗。然而，其使用受到光敏剂不可控分布以及对周围正常组织造成损害的可能性的限制。水凝胶由于其高度亲水的三维网络结构，为伤口愈合提供了具有强生物相容性和粘附力的湿润环境。此外，这些材料还可作为肿瘤治疗和伤口愈合的优良药物载体。可以通过不同的加载方式结合这两种药物的优点，为预防肿瘤复发和伤口愈合提供强大的平台。本文综述了水凝胶用于光热治疗的设计策略、研究进展和作用机制，并讨论了其在预防肿瘤复发和加速伤口愈合方面的作用。这些发现为黑色素瘤的术后治疗提供了宝贵的见解，并可能指导开发有前景的用于光热治疗的多功能水凝胶。