The root-knot disease caused by root-knot nematodes, spp. poses a serious threat in economic crops worldwide, causing substantial economic losses. Chemical-based pesticides are the most commonly employed measure to manage root-knot diseases in chili and other crops. In this study, four strains were identified as biocontrol agents against . The cell-free culture filtrates (CF) and cell suspension (CS) of the were prepared and tested to determine their efficacy against , as compared to abamectin (a nematicide) and distilled water. The CF derived from all strains showed the greatest potential, equivalent to abamectin, in controlling . Results evidenced a 92%–94% reduction in nematode hatching and 99–100% increase in second-stage juvenile mortality, compared to the untreated control. In addition, Scanning Electron Micrograph (SEM) observations showed abnormality in nematode cuticles treated with CF of the bacteria. Similar results were found in the greenhouse experiments where CF of all strains significantly reduced the number of galls, egg masses and eggs per gram root. These spp. displayed a potential for effectively controlling , probably due to their ability to produce nematode cell wall degrading enzymes, i.e., protease and lipase. In conclusion, our study indicates that the strains studied can be utilized effectively to manage , the causal agent of chili root-knot disease.

中文翻译：

---

芽孢杆菌属的潜力。防治根结线虫、寄生辣椒的根结线虫 (Capsicum annuum L.)


由根结线虫引起的根结病。对全球经济作物造成严重威胁，造成重大经济损失。化学农药是控制辣椒和其他作物根结病最常用的措施。在这项研究中，四种菌株被鉴定为针对 的生物防治剂。制备并测试其无细胞培养物滤液（CF）和细胞悬浮液（CS），以确定与阿维菌素（一种杀线虫剂）和蒸馏水相比，它们对线虫的功效。来自所有菌株的CF在控制方面显示出与阿维菌素相当的最大潜力。结果表明，与未经处理的对照相比，线虫孵化率降低了 92%–94%，第二阶段幼虫死亡率增加了 99–100%。此外，扫描电子显微照片（SEM）观察显示，经细菌CF处理的线虫角质层出现异常。在温室实验中也发现了类似的结果，其中所有菌株的 CF 均显着减少了虫瘿数、卵块数和每克根的卵数。这些物种。显示出有效控制线虫的潜力，可能是由于它们能够产生线虫细胞壁降解酶，即蛋白酶和脂肪酶。总之，我们的研究表明，所研究的菌株可以有效地用于控制辣椒根结病的病原体。