The escalation of urbanisation contributes significantly to climate change and exacerbates environmental, health and social disparities, especially affecting impoverished and vulnerable communities in the urban periphery. However, few studies contrast the global disparities in multiple wellbeing from inequitable green infrastructure (GI) and cooling perspectives. Through a combination of systematic literature review and hierarchical archetypal analysis, this study examines 95 out of 3864 initial articles focusing on the interplay between inequitable GI and disparate cooling services, and their emphasis on both subjective and objective wellbeing. Our findings highlight an increasing interest on this topic since 2009, with a notable surge post-2015 focused on the application of nature-based solutions for urban cooling and associated inequity. The literature review reveals 43 wellbeing thematic categories based on four dimensions, of which we identify characteristics: (1) the most affected vulnerable individuals often based on financial status, population density, and access to public facilities; (2) geographic areas where wellbeing effects are most pronounced, linked to building attributes and high-density impervious surfaces; (3) health implications highlighting physical ailments; and (4) perceptions of GI emphasising residents’ GI demand. Afterwards, hierarchical analysis generated clustered archetypes that Archetype I and III mostly filled in North American, Archetypes II in Asia, and IV across Europe, Asia, and North America, to underscore substantial variances and similarities in wellbeing categories across continents. These archetypes characterise global pathways to enhancing cooling for wellbeing, including Archetype I of integrating GI in urban planning, Archetype II of retrofitting infrastructure to improve GI interaction, Archetype III of connecting disadvantaged groups with heat management, and Archetype IV of fostering public involvement in decision-making processes. The study's findings provide insights to narrow ecological injustices arising from GI and research direction for further in theoretical, technological, and practical investigations to optimize cooling and wellbeing.

中文翻译：

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绿色基础设施冷却服务带来的全球福祉差异：系统回顾


城市化的升级极大地加剧了气候变化，并加剧了环境、健康和社会差距，尤其影响到城市周边的贫困和脆弱社区。然而，很少有研究从不公平的绿色基础设施 (GI) 和制冷的角度来对比多种福祉的全球差异。通过系统文献综述和层次原型分析相结合，本研究对 3864 篇初始文章中的 95 篇进行了研究，重点关注不公平的地理标志和不同的冷却服务之间的相互作用，以及它们对主观和客观福祉的强调。我们的研究结果突显了自 2009 年以来人们对这一主题的兴趣与日俱增，2015 年后，人们对基于自然的解决方案在城市降温和相关不平等问题上的应用的兴趣显着激增。文献综述揭示了基于四个维度的 43 个福祉主题类别，我们确定了其中的特征：（1）受影响最严重的弱势群体通常基于财务状况、人口密度和公共设施的使用情况； (2) 福祉影响最明显的地理区域，与建筑属性和高密度不透水表面有关； (3) 突出身体疾病的健康影响； (4)对地理标志的认知强调居民的地理标志需求。随后，层次分析生成了集群原型，原型 I 和 III 主要填充北美，原型 II 填充亚洲，原型 IV 填充欧洲、亚洲和北美，以强调各大洲幸福感类别的巨大差异和相似之处。 这些原型描述了加强冷却以促进福祉的全球途径，包括将地理标志纳入城市规划的原型 I、改造基础设施以改善地理标志相互作用的原型 II、将弱势群体与热管理联系起来的原型 III 以及促进公众参与决策的原型 IV - 制作过程。该研究的结果为了解由胃肠道引起的狭隘生态不公正和研究方向提供了见解，以便进一步进行理论、技术和实践研究，以优化冷却和福祉。