Periodontal disease (PD), a chronic inflammatory disorder that damages the tooth and its supporting components, is a common global oral health problem. Understanding the intricacies of these disorders, from gingivitis to severe PD, is critical for efficient treatment, diagnosis, and prevention in dental care. Periodontal biosensors and biomarkers are critical in improving oral health diagnostic skills. Clinicians may accomplish early identification, tailored therapy, and efficient tracking of periodontal diseases by using these technologies, ushering in a new age of accurate oral healthcare. Traditional periodontitis diagnostic methods frequently rely on physical probing and visual examinations, necessitating the development of point-of-care (POC) devices. As periodontal disorders necessitate more precise and rapid diagnosis, incorporating novel innovations in biosensors and biomarkers becomes increasingly crucial. These innovations improve our capacity to diagnose, monitor, and adapt periodontal therapies, bringing in the next phase of customized and effective dental healthcare. The review discusses the characteristics and stages of PD, clinical treatment techniques, prominent biomarkers and infection-associated factors that may be employed to determine PD, biomedical sensing, and POC appliances that have been created so far to diagnose stages of PD and its progression profile, as well as predicting future developments in this field.

中文翻译：

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牙周病及其诊断的新兴护理点技术


牙周病（PD）是一种损害牙齿及其支持部件的慢性炎症性疾病，是一种常见的全球口腔健康问题。了解这些疾病（从牙龈炎到严重帕金森病）的复杂性对于牙科护理中的有效治疗、诊断和预防至关重要。牙周生物传感器和生物标志物对于提高口腔健康诊断技能至关重要。临床医生可以利用这些技术实现牙周疾病的早期识别、定制治疗和高效追踪，开创精准口腔医疗的新时代。传统的牙周炎诊断方法通常依赖于物理探测和目视检查，因此需要开发即时护理 (POC) 设备。由于牙周疾病需要更精确和快速的诊断，因此在生物传感器和生物标记物中融入创新变得越来越重要。这些创新提高了我们诊断、监测和适应牙周治疗的能力，带来下一阶段的定制和有效的牙科保健。该综述讨论了帕金森病的特征和阶段、临床治疗技术、突出的生物标志物和可用于确定帕金森病的感染相关因素、生物医学传感和迄今为止已创建的用于诊断帕金森病阶段及其进展概况的 POC 设备，以及预测该领域的未来发展。