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Coal-Based Branched Vicinal Diol Ethoxylates Versus Guerbet Alcohol Ethoxylates: Role of Tertiary Hydroxyl Groups
Langmuir ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2024-06-06 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00965
Haochuan Lu 1 , Lining Bao 1 , Qingwen Dong 1 , Xu Li 1 , Jinxiang Dong 1
Affiliation  

Branched surfactants exhibit a lower surface tension, excellent low defoaming performance, and better wetting ability compared with linear surfactants, making them promising for applications in industrial cleaning. In this study, 2-hexyl-1-decene (C8 olefin dimer), obtained from the dimerization of 1-octene, was used as the hydrophobe to synthesize branched nonionic surfactants via hydroxylation and ethoxylation. The hydroxylation of the C8 olefin dimer to synthesize 2-hexyldecane-1,2-diol (C8 BD) using H2O2 and HCOOH was investigated systematically. Under the optimal reaction conditions (H2O2/C8 olefin dimer molar ratio: 1.5, HCOOH/C8 olefin dimer molar ratio: 4.0, reaction time: 10 h, reaction temperature: 50 °C), the conversion of the C8 olefin dimer and selectivity toward C8 BD were found to reach 99.96 and 79.89%, respectively. Further, branched nonionic surfactants (C8 BDEn) were synthesized via ethoxylation of C8 BD with ethylene oxide and characterized using FTIR, LCMS, 1H NMR, and 13C NMR techniques. The presence of a tertiary hydroxyl group in C8 BD increases the reactivity of the primary hydroxyl group, leading to a narrower range of products and lower residual substrate content. The physicochemical properties and surface properties of C8 BDEn with different degrees of ethoxylation at various concentrations were investigated and compared with those of commercially available Guerbet alcohol polyoxyethylene ethers (C8 GAEO9 and C6 GAEO9). The results show that, compared with C8 GAEO9 and C6 GAEO9, C8 BDE6 displayed a higher surface activity with a lower equilibrium surface tension (27.14 mN·m–1), superior wettability with a smaller contact angle (39.2°), better emulsification performance with a longer emulsification time of 548 s, and excellent foaming properties (initial foam volume of 11.6 mL). This strategy of utilizing coal-based α-olefins for the synthesis of branched nonionic surfactants presents a route to prepare value-added fine chemicals from coal-based resources.

中文翻译:


煤基支化邻二醇聚氧乙烯醚与格尔伯特醇聚氧乙烯醚:叔羟基的作用



与线性表面活性剂相比,支化表面活性剂表现出较低的表面张力、优异的低消泡性能和更好的润湿能力,使其在工业清洗中具有广阔的应用前景。本研究以1-辛烯二聚得到的2-己基-1-癸烯(C8烯烃二聚体)为疏水基,通过羟基化和乙氧基化合成支化非离子表面活性剂。系统研究了使用H 2 O 2和HCOOH对C8烯烃二聚体进行羟基化合成2-己基癸烷-1,2-二醇(C8 BD)。在最佳反应条件下(H 2 O 2 /C8烯烃二聚体摩尔比:1.5,HCOOH/C8烯烃二聚体摩尔比:4.0,反应时间:10 h,反应温度:50 ℃),C8烯烃二聚体的转化率对C8 BD的选择性分别达到99.96%和79.89%。此外,通过 C8 BD 与环氧乙烷的乙氧基化合成了支化非离子表面活性剂 (C8 BDEn),并使用 FTIR、LCMS、 1 H NMR 和13 C NMR 技术进行了表征。 C8 BD 中叔羟基的存在增加了伯羟基的反应性,导致产物范围更窄,残留底物含量更低。研究了不同浓度下不同乙氧基化程度的C8 BDEn的理化性质和表面性质,并与市售格尔伯特醇聚氧乙烯醚(C8 GAEO9和C6 GAEO9)进行比较。结果表明,与C8 GAEO9和C6 GAEO9相比,C8 BDE6表现出更高的表面活性和更低的平衡表面张力(27.14 mN·m –1 ),润湿性优异,接触角较小(39.2°),乳化性能较好,乳化时间较长(548 s),发泡性能优异(初始泡沫体积为11.6 mL)。这种利用煤基α-烯烃合成支化非离子表面活性剂的策略为从煤基资源制备高附加值精细化学品提供了一条途径。
更新日期:2024-06-06
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