While a significant number of databases are deployed in cloud environments, pushing part or all data storage and querying planes closer to their sources (i.e., to the edge) can provide advantages in latency, connectivity, privacy, energy and scalability. This article dissects the advantages provided by databases in edge and fog environments, by surveying application domains and discussing the key drivers for pushing database systems to the edge. At the same time, it also identifies the main challenges faced by developers in this new environment, and analysis the mechanisms employed to deal with them. By providing an overview of the current state of edge and fog databases, this survey provides valuable insights into future research directions.

虽然大量数据库部署在云环境中，但将部分或全部数据存储和查询平面推向其源（即边缘）可以提供延迟、连接性、隐私、能源和可扩展性方面的优势。本文通过调查应用领域并讨论将数据库系统推向边缘的关键驱动因素，剖析了边缘和雾环境中数据库提供的优势。同时，它还确定了开发人员在新环境中面临的主要挑战，并分析了应对这些挑战的机制。通过概述边缘和雾数据库的当前状态，该调查为未来的研究方向提供了宝贵的见解。