Local environment shapes milk microbiomes while evolutionary history constrains milk macronutrients in captive cercopithecine primates,Environmental Microbiology

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Local environment shapes milk microbiomes while evolutionary history constrains milk macronutrients in captive cercopithecine primates
Environmental Microbiology ( IF 4.3 ) Pub Date : 2024-06-03 , DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.16664
Sally L Bornbusch _{1,

2} , Hannah E Shinnerl ₂ , Lindsey Gentry ₁ , Mia M Keady ₃ , Virginia Glick _{2,

4} , Carly R Muletz-Wolz ₁ , Michael L Power _{2,

5}

Affiliation

Milk is a complex biochemical fluid that includes macronutrients and microbiota, which, together, are known to facilitate infant growth, mediate the colonization of infant microbiomes, and promote immune development. Examining factors that shape milk microbiomes and milk-nutrient interplay across host taxa is critical to resolving the evolution of the milk environment. Using a comparative approach across four cercopithecine primate species housed at three facilities under similar management conditions, we test for the respective influences of the local environment (housing facility) and host species on milk (a) macronutrients (fat, sugar, and protein), (b) microbiomes (16S rRNA), and (c) predicted microbial functions. We found that milk macronutrients were structured according to host species, while milk microbiomes and predicted function were strongly shaped by the local environment and, to a lesser extent, host species. The milk microbiomes of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) at two different facilities more closely resembled those of heterospecific facility-mates compared to conspecifics at a different facility. We found similar, facility-driven patterns of microbial functions linked to physiology and immune modulation, suggesting that milk microbiomes may influence infant health and development. These results provide novel insight into the complexity of milk and its potential impact on infants across species and environments.

中文翻译：

当地环境塑造了乳汁微生物组，而进化历史限制了圈养鹿猴灵长类动物的乳汁大量营养素

牛奶是一种复杂的生化液体，含有常量营养素和微生物群，众所周知，它们共同促进婴儿生长、介导婴儿微生物组的定植并促进免疫发育。检查影响牛奶微生物组和宿主分类群中牛奶与营养物质相互作用的因素对于解决牛奶环境的演变至关重要。我们对饲养在相似管理条件下的三个设施中的四种猴猴灵长类动物进行比较，测试了当地环境（饲养设施）和宿主物种对牛奶的各自影响（a）常量营养素（脂肪、糖和蛋白质）， (b) 微生物组 (16S rRNA)，(c) 预测的微生物功能。我们发现，牛奶大量营养素的结构根据宿主物种而定，而牛奶微生物组和预测功能在很大程度上受到当地环境的影响，在较小程度上受宿主物种的影响。与不同设施中的同种动物相比，两个不同设施中的恒河猴（ Macaca mulatta ）的乳汁微生物组与异种设施伙伴的乳汁微生物组更加相似。我们发现类似的、由设施驱动的微生物功能模式与生理和免疫调节相关，这表明牛奶微生物组可能会影响婴儿的健康和发育。这些结果为了解牛奶的复杂性及其对跨物种和环境的婴儿的潜在影响提供了新的见解。

更新日期：2024-06-04

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