A laboratory-scale investigation was conducted to study the cementation of copper from a CuSO – based acidic solution onto iron balls as sacrificial media under the application of low-frequency ultrasound and under silent conditions. The influence of several parameters such as pH of solution, stirring speed, temperature, ultrasonic frequency was evaluated. The results show that the use of ultrasound improves the kinetics and the achievable copper removal degree when compared to mechanical stirring alone. Under silent conditions, the highest Cu recovery of 83 % was attained after 120 min at temperature of 60 °C, pH 2.0, and a stirring speed of 500 rpm. For a cementation run under same process conditions but assisted by ultrasound, it took less than 30 min to achieve similar recovery efficiency, with maximum recovery of 96 % being reached after 90 min only. SEM observation on the copper deposited onto the surface of the balls suggested notable differences in the morphology, highlighting the effect of ultrasound on the cementation patterns.

中文翻译：

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超声波对铜铁电化学胶结的影响


进行了一项实验室规模的研究，研究在低频超声波的应用和静音条件下，铜从 CuSO 基酸性溶液中胶结到作为牺牲介质的铁球上。评价了溶液pH、搅拌速度、温度、超声频率等几个参数的影响。结果表明，与单独的机械搅拌相比，超声波的使用提高了动力学和可实现的铜去除程度。在安静条件下，在 60 °C 温度、pH 2.0 和搅拌速度 500 rpm 的条件下，120 分钟后，Cu 回收率最高为 83%。对于在相同工艺条件下但在超声波辅助下进行的固结，只需不到 30 分钟即可达到类似的恢复效率，仅在 90 分钟后就达到了 96% 的最大恢复率。对沉积在球表面的铜的 SEM 观察表明，形态存在显着差异，突出了超声波对胶结图案的影响。