Anxiety disorders are disorders involving cognition. Research on cognition in youth with anxiety can focus on cognitive content (e.g., self-talk) as well cognitive functioning. The present review examines domains of cognitive functioning (i.e., episodic memory, language, attention, executive functioning, motor skills, and visual functioning) in youth diagnosed with an anxiety disorder. A database search of Embase, PsycINFO, and PubMed yielded 28 studies that met inclusion criteria of youth aged 17 years or younger, a sample diagnosed with a principal anxiety disorder and a comparison sample of controls, a comparison between those samples, and use of a behavioral measure of neuropsychological performance. Findings did not identify any cognitive functioning strengths for anxious youth. Deficits were found in two domains (i.e., receptive language and motor skills) whereas no deficits were found in attention, visuospatial skills and one domain of executive functioning (i.e., inhibition). Most domains had mixed findings. Additional analysis indicated that anxiety disorders in youth are not associated with diminished IQ. Directions for future research are identified including (a) the prioritization of studies with larger, representative samples (b) the role of cognitive functioning as a predictor of anxiety treatment outcome (c) the examination of the effect of treatment on cognitive performance, and (d) the course of anxiety and potential impairment in cognitive functioning.

焦虑症是涉及认知的障碍。对患有焦虑症的青少年的认知研究可以集中于认知内容（例如自言自语）以及认知功能。本综述检查了被诊断患有焦虑症的青少年的认知功能领域（即情景记忆、语言、注意力、执行功能、运动技能和视觉功能）。 Embase、PsycINFO 和 PubMed 的数据库检索产生了 28 项研究，这些研究符合 17 岁或以下青少年的纳入标准、诊断为主要焦虑症的样本和对照样本、这些样本之间的比较以及使用神经心理学表现的行为测量。研究结果没有发现焦虑青少年有任何认知功能优势。在两个领域（即接受性语言和运动技能）中发现了缺陷，而在注意力、视觉空间技能和执行功能的一个领域（即抑制）中没有发现缺陷。大多数领域的结果好坏参半。进一步的分析表明，青少年的焦虑症与智商下降无关。确定了未来研究的方向，包括（a）优先考虑较大的、有代表性的样本的研究（b）认知功能作为焦虑治疗结果预测因子的作用（c）检查治疗对认知表现的影响，以及（ d) 焦虑的过程和认知功能的潜在损害。