The aim of this paper is to present the methodology used to study the megalithic architecture of Menjez’s monuments (Akkar, Lebanon), as part of the MEG-A Project - “First megalith builders in the northern Levant” (2022–2025). Twenty-four monuments have been investigated since 2018. The primary objective is to pioneer a comprehensive understanding of the unique Levantine megalithic building techniques and re-establish the “chaînes opératoires,” by determining the builders’ sequence of actions. This groundbreaking methodology originally developed for Western European megalithic monuments, notably in Brittany, France, has been innovatively applied and customized to suit the Levantine context, specifically focusing on the distinctive basaltic monuments of Menjez and its surrounding areas. By using photogrammetry as a tool, the researchers are able to de-construct the megalithic architecture by analyzing the different components of these monuments. Moreover, it is then possible to describe monoliths according to their place within the monument and their geological and geomorphological features. Our work has led us to consider the symbolic aspect expressed in the megalithic architecture of Menjez. Employing this groundbreaking methodology not only yields concrete answers regarding the typology of these monuments but also dramatically reshapes our perception of their construction. It establishes a precise relative chronology for the various architectural phases and, most significantly, reveals the hidden details of the raw material supply chain.

本文的目的是介绍用于研究 Menjez 纪念碑（黎巴嫩阿卡尔）巨石建筑的方法，作为 MEG-A 项目的一部分 - “黎凡特北部第一批巨石建造者”（2022-2025 年）。自 2018 年以来，已经调查了 24 座纪念碑。主要目标是开创对黎凡特独特的巨石建筑技术的全面理解，并通过确定建造者的行动顺序来重建“chaînes opératoires”。这种开创性的方法最初是为西欧巨石纪念碑开发的，特别是在法国布列塔尼，已经被创新地应用和定制以适应黎凡特环境，特别关注 Menjez 及其周边地区独特的玄武岩纪念碑。通过使用摄影测量法作为工具，研究人员能够通过分析这些纪念碑的不同组成部分来解构巨石建筑。此外，还可以根据巨石在纪念碑中的位置及其地质和地貌特征来描述巨石。我们的工作促使我们思考了 Menjez 巨石建筑所表达的象征意义。采用这种开创性的方法不仅产生了关于这些纪念碑类型学的具体答案，而且极大地改变了我们对它们建造的看法。它为各个建筑阶段建立了精确的相对年表，最重要的是，它揭示了原材料供应链的隐藏细节。