Plant essential oil (EO)-based insecticides represent a promising tool for Integrated Pest Management (IPM), though their formulation is limited by poor physicochemical properties. EO encapsulation into stable formulations, like nanoemulsions (NEs), could boost EO efficacy and stability. Carlina acaulis L. roots contain an EO recently studied for its excellent insecticidal activities, and chiefly composed of carlina oxide (> 97%). Herein, we developed two carlina oxide NEs (0.25% and 0.5% w/w) through ultrasounds exposure and characterized them by dynamic light scattering (DLS). The NE insecticidal and repellent activities were tested on Tuta absoluta (Meyrick) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) eggs, larvae, and adults. Nanoemulsions tested showed a monomodal size ditribution and the polydispersity index (PDI) indicaticating a low grade of polydispersity. The 0.25% (w/w) NE showed significant contact toxicity on T. absoluta eggs with high hatching inhibition. 11 days post-treatment. The highest larvicidal effect was observed in translaminar toxicity tests, with complete mortality after 24 h. The NE did not achieve significant oviposition deterrence. Overall, the tested green NE showed promising effectiveness as ovicide and larvicide on T. absoluta, highlighting the need of further research to shed light on its modes of action, as well as to evaluate lethal and sublethal effects on tomato biological control agents and pollinators.

基于植物精油 (EO) 的杀虫剂代表了害虫综合治理 (IPM) 的一种有前途的工具，尽管其配方受到较差的理化特性的限制。将 EO 封装到稳定的配方中，例如纳米乳液 (NE)，可以提高 EO 功效和稳定性。 Carlina acaulis L.根部含有一种最近研究的具有优异杀虫活性的EO，主要由Carlina Oxide (> 97%)组成。在此，我们通过超声波曝光开发了两种卡琳娜氧化物NE（0.25％和0.5％w/w），并通过动态光散射（DLS）对其进行了表征。 NE 杀虫和驱避活性在 Tuta absoluta (Meyrick)（鳞翅目：Gelechiidae）卵、幼虫和成虫上进行了测试。测试的纳米乳液显示出单峰尺寸分布，多分散指数（PDI）表明多分散性等级较低。 0.25% (w/w) NE 对 T.absoluta 卵表现出显着的接触毒性，并具有高孵化抑制作用。治疗后11天。在跨层毒性试验中观察到最高的杀幼虫效果，24小时后完全死亡。 NE 没有实现显着的产卵威慑。总体而言，测试的绿色NE作为对T.absoluta的杀卵剂和杀幼虫剂表现出有希望的有效性，强调需要进一步研究以阐明其作用模式，以及评估对番茄生物防治剂和传粉媒介的致死和亚致死作用。