Advancements in the experimental toolbox of cold atoms have enabled the meticulous control of atomic Bloch oscillation (BO) within optical lattices, thereby enhancing the capabilities of gravity interferometers. This work delves into the impact of thermal effects on Bloch oscillation in 1D accelerated optical lattices aligned with gravity by varying the system’s initial temperature. Through the application of Raman cooling, we effectively reduce the longitudinal thermal effect, stabilizing the longitudinal coherence length over the timescale of its lifetime. The atomic losses over multiple Bloch periods are measured, which are primarily attributed to transverse excitation. Furthermore, we identify two distinct inverse scaling behaviors in the oscillation lifetime scaled by the corresponding density with respect to temperatures, implying diverse equilibrium processes within or outside the Bose–Einstein condensate (BEC) regime. The competition between the system’s coherence and atomic density leads to a relatively smooth variation in the actual lifetime versus temperature. Our findings provide valuable insights into the interaction between thermal effects and BO, offering avenues for the refinement of quantum measurement technologies.

冷原子实验工具箱的进步使得能够对光学晶格内的原子布洛赫振荡（BO）进行精确控制，从而增强了重力干涉仪的能力。这项工作通过改变系统的初始温度，深入研究了热效应对与重力对齐的一维加速光学晶格中布洛赫振荡的影响。通过拉曼冷却的应用，我们有效地减少了纵向热效应，在其寿命的时间尺度上稳定了纵向相干长度。测量了多个布洛赫周期内的原子损失，这主要归因于横向激发。此外，我们还确定了振荡寿命中两种不同的逆标度行为，这些行为是由相对于温度的相应密度缩放的，这意味着玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚态（BEC）体系内部或外部存在不同的平衡过程。系统相干性和原子密度之间的竞争导致实际寿命随温度的变化相对平滑。我们的研究结果为热效应和 BO 之间的相互作用提供了宝贵的见解，为改进量子测量技术提供了途径。