Adaptive behavior relies both on specific rules that vary across situations and stable long-term knowledge gained from experience. The frontoparietal control network (FPCN) is implicated in the brain's ability to balance these different influences on action. Here, we investigate how the topographical organization of the cortex supports behavioral flexibility within the FPCN. Functional properties of this network might reflect its juxtaposition between the dorsal attention network (DAN) and the default mode network (DMN), two large-scale systems implicated in top-down attention and memory-guided cognition, respectively. Our study tests whether subnetworks of FPCN are topographically proximal to the DAN and the DMN, respectively, and how these topographical differences relate to functional differences: the proximity of each subnetwork is anticipated to play a pivotal role in generating distinct cognitive modes relevant to working memory and long-term memory. We show that FPCN subsystems share multiple anatomical and functional similarities with their neighboring systems (DAN and DMN) and that this topographical architecture supports distinct interaction patterns that give rise to different patterns of functional behavior. The FPCN acts as a unified system when long-term knowledge supports behavior but becomes segregated into discrete subsystems with different patterns of interaction when long-term memory is less relevant. In this way, our study suggests that the topographical organization of the FPCN and the connections it forms with distant regions of cortex are important influences on how this system supports flexible behavior.

适应性行为既依赖于因情况而异的特定规则，也依赖于从经验中获得的稳定的长期知识。额顶控制网络（FPCN）与大脑平衡这些不同行动影响的能力有关。在这里，我们研究皮层的地形组织如何支持 FPCN 内的行为灵活性。该网络的功能特性可能反映了背侧注意网络（DAN）和默认模式网络（DMN）之间的并置，这两个大型系统分别涉及自上而下的注意和记忆引导的认知。我们的研究测试了 FPCN 的子网在地形上是否分别接近 DAN 和 DMN，以及这些地形差异如何与功能差异相关：每个子网的邻近性预计将在生成与工作记忆相关的不同认知模式方面发挥关键作用和长期记忆。我们表明，FPCN 子系统与其相邻系统（DAN 和 DMN）具有多个解剖和功能相似性，并且这种拓扑架构支持不同的交互模式，从而产生不同的功能行为模式。当长期知识支持行为时，FPCN 充当一个统一的系统，但当长期记忆不太相关时，FPCN 就会被分成具有不同交互模式的离散子系统。通过这种方式，我们的研究表明 FPCN 的拓扑结构及其与皮质远端区域形成的连接对该系统如何支持灵活行为具有重要影响。