This study examined whether self-compassion at the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic predicted higher subjective well-being and lower psychopathological symptoms through more functional and less dysfunctional coping. Among 430 adults, self-compassion, coping, life satisfaction, positive and negative affect, and depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms were assessed longitudinally over 6 weeks (from 04/2020 to 07/2020). Structural equation modeling revealed that self-compassion at T1 predicted more functional and less dysfunctional coping at T2 (controlling for coping at T1) and more positive and less negative affect and lower stress symptoms at T3 (controlling for these measures at T1). More functional and less dysfunctional coping at T2 (controlling for coping at T1) predicted higher subjective well-being and lower psychopathological symptoms at T3 (controlling for these measures at T1), with the sole exception that functional coping was not significantly associated with anxiety symptoms. In addition, we found that less dysfunctional coping mediated (a) nearly one-third (30.77%) of the association between higher self-compassion and less negative affect and (b) nearly half (46.15%) of the association between higher self-compassion and lower stress symptoms. These findings support the idea that a self-compassionate attitude prevents dysfunctional thoughts (e.g., self-blame) and behaviors (e.g., substance use) during stressful times, which in turn reduces negative affect and symptoms of stress.

这项研究探讨了 COVID-19 大流行初期的自我慈悲是否可以通过增强功能性和减少功能失调的应对来预测更高的主观幸福感和更低的心理病理症状。在 430 名成年人中，我们对 6 周内（从 04/2020 到 07/2020）的自我同情、应对、生活满意度、积极和消极情感以及抑郁、焦虑和压力症状进行了纵向评估。结构方程模型显示，T1 时的自我慈悲预示着 T2 时的功能性更强、功能失调更少（控制 T1 时的应对），以及 T3 时更积极、更少消极的影响和更低的压力症状（控制 T1 时的这些措施）。 T2 时更多的功能性应对和更少的功能失调（控制 T1 时的应对）可预测 T3 时更高的主观幸福感和更低的精神病理症状（控制 T1 时的这些测量），唯一的例外是功能性应对与焦虑症状没有显着相关。此外，我们发现，较少的功能失调性应对介导了（a）近三分之一（30.77%）较高的自我慈悲与较少的负面情绪之间的关联，以及（b）近一半（46.15%）较高的自我慈悲与较少的负面情绪之间的关联。同情心和减轻压力症状。这些发现支持这样的观点，即自我同情的态度可以防止在压力时期出现功能失调的想法（例如自责）和行为（例如物质使用），从而减少负面影响和压力症状。