Plants, essential for food, oxygen, and economic stability, are under threat from human activities, biotic threats, and climate change, requiring rapid technological advancements for protection. Biohybrid systems, merging synthetic macromolecules with biological components, have provided improvement to biological systems in the past, namely, in the biomedical arena, motivating an opportunity to enhance plant well-being. Nevertheless, strategies for plant biohybrid systems remain limited. In this study, we present a method using grafting-from ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) under physiological conditions to integrate norbornene-derived polymers into live plants by spray coating. The approach involves creating biological macroinitiators on leaf surfaces, which enable subsequent polymerization of norbornene-derived monomers. Characterization techniques, including FTIR spectroscopy, SEM EDS imaging, ICP-MS, nanoindentation, and XPS, confirmed the presence and characterized the properties of the polymeric layers on leaves. The demonstrated modifiability and biocompatibility could offer the potential to maintain plant health in various applications, including the development of thermal barriers, biosensors, and crop protection layers.

中文翻译：

---

植物-聚降冰片烯生物杂化材料的接枝合成


植物对于食物、氧气和经济稳定至关重要，但它们正受到人类活动、生物威胁和气候变化的威胁，需要快速的技术进步来保护。生物混合系统将合成大分子与生物成分融合在一起，为过去的生物系统提供了改进，即在生物医学领域，激发了增强植物健康的机会。然而，植物生物杂交系统的策略仍然有限。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种在生理条件下使用开环复分解聚合（ROMP）接枝的方法，通过喷涂将降冰片烯衍生聚合物整合到活植物中。该方法涉及在叶子表面产生生物大引发剂，从而实现降冰片烯衍生单体的后续聚合。表征技术，包括 FTIR 光谱、SEM EDS 成像、ICP-MS、纳米压痕和 XPS，证实了叶子上聚合物层的存在并表征了其特性。所证明的可修改性和生物相容性可以在各种应用中提供维持植物健康的潜力，包括开发热障、生物传感器和作物保护层。