Pearl millet [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] is a climate‐resilient cereal crop widely grown in arid and semiarid environments and an important crop for food, fodder, and nutritional security. This study was aimed at evaluating genetic variation(s) for drought tolerance‐related traits in a set of 29 seed (B) and 27 restorer (R) lines and identifying pearl millet inbreds for hybrid development. Field experiments were conducted in a split‐plot in randomized complete block design with three replications for 2 years. Moisture regimes (irrigated and rainfed) were kept as main plot treatments, and the genotypes were used as subplot treatments. Principal component analysis and neighbor joining clustering revealed the presence of greater genetic diversity between B and R lines. Combined analysis of variance showed significant difference(s) between the lines, treatments, and years. Genotype + genotype × environment interaction biplot indicated the significant environment and treatment effect(s) on grain yield per plant, number of seeds per plant, and 1000‐grain weight. Rank summation index based on percentage reduction and multi‐trait stability index analyses for the above three traits identified the best adapted genotypes for rainfed conditions. Based on these analyses, seven seed parents (ARCH41B, ARCH01B, ARCH13B, ARCH44B, ARCH09B, ARCH24B, and ARCH30B) and six pollinators (ARCH36R, ARCH68R, ARCH22R, ARCH63R, ARCH50R, and ARCH60R) were identified as potential parents to develop high‐yielding and drought‐tolerant pearl millet hybrids for the semiarid tropics.

中文翻译：

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遗传多样性珍珠粟 [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] 种子和恢复亲本系的耐旱性和籽粒产量表现


珍珠粟 [Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.] 是一种广泛种植在干旱和半干旱环境中的气候适应性谷类作物，是粮食、饲料和营养安全的重要作物。本研究旨在评估一组 29 个种子 (B) 和 27 个恢复系 (R) 品系中耐旱相关性状的遗传变异，并鉴定用于杂交开发的珍珠粟自交系。现场实验采用随机完整区组设计的裂区进行，重复 3 次，持续 2 年。水分状况（灌溉和雨养）保留作为主要地块处理，基因型用作次要地块处理。主成分分析和邻接聚类揭示了 B 系和 R 系之间存在更大的遗传多样性。组合方差分析显示品系、处理和年份之间存在显着差异。基因型+基因型×环境相互作用双图表明环境和处理对单株籽粒产量、单株种子数和千粒重的显着影响。基于百分比减少和多性状稳定性指数分析的排名求和指数对上述三个性状确定了最适合雨养条件的基因型。根据这些分析，七个种子亲本（ARCH41B、ARCH01B、ARCH13B、ARCH44B、ARCH09B、ARCH24B 和 ARCH30B）和六个传粉者（ARCH36R、ARCH68R、ARCH22R、ARCH63R、ARCH50R 和 ARCH60R）被确定为发育高水平的潜在亲本。用于半干旱热带地区的高产耐旱珍珠粟杂交种。