Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a major molecular mediator of the hypoxic response. In the endometrium, local hypoxic conditions induced by hormonal fluctuations and endometrial vascular remodeling contribute to the production of HIF-1α, which plays an indispensable role in a series of physiological activities, such as menstruation and metamorphosis. The sensitive regulation of HIF-1α maintains the cellular viability and regenerative capacity of the endometrium against cellular stresses induced by hypoxia and excess reactive oxygen species. In contrast, abnormal HIF-1α levels exacerbate the development of various endometrial pathologies. This knowledge opens important possibilities for the development of promising HIF-1α-centered strategies to ameliorate endometrial disease. Nonetheless, additional efforts are required to elucidate the regulatory network of endometrial HIF-1α and promote the applications of HIF-1α-centered strategies in the human endometrium. Here, we summarize the role of the HIF-1α-mediated pathway in endometrial physiology and pathology, highlight the latest HIF-1α-centered strategies for treating endometrial diseases, and improve endometrial receptivity.

中文翻译：

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缺氧与子宫内膜：HIF-1α 作为治疗策略不可或缺的作用


缺氧诱导因子 1 α (HIF-1α) 是缺氧反应的主要分子介质。在子宫内膜中，激素波动和子宫内膜血管重塑引起的局部缺氧条件有助于HIF-1α的产生，HIF-1α在月经、变态等一系列生理活动中发挥着不可或缺的作用。 HIF-1α 的敏感调节可维持子宫内膜的细胞活力和再生能力，以抵抗缺氧和过量活性氧引起的细胞应激。相反，异常的 HIF-1α 水平会加剧各种子宫内膜病变的发展。这一知识为开发有前景的以 HIF-1α 为中心的改善子宫内膜疾病的策略提供了重要的可能性。尽管如此，阐明子宫内膜HIF-1α的调控网络并促进以HIF-1α为中心的策略在人类子宫内膜中的应用还需要付出更多的努力。在此，我们总结了HIF-1α介导的通路在子宫内膜生理学和病理学中的作用，重点介绍了以HIF-1α为中心的治疗子宫内膜疾病和改善子宫内膜容受性的最新策略。