We document 1394 extreme precipitation events (EPEs) over Aotearoa New Zealand’s (ANZ) Regional Councils between March 1996 and December 2021. The characteristics of EPEs are documented using a novel spatio-temporal framework that diagnoses the peak intensity, duration, and accumulation of the EPE using the ERA-5 and MERRA-2 reanalysis products. Properties of EPEs were evaluated according to region across ANZ, and clear regional differences are highlighted. In particular, it is found that the duration of an EPE has a stronger influence than the peak intensity on the total accumulated precipitation across all regions and precipitation event types (large-scale or convective). Since larger precipitation accumulations have greater potential to cause extensive flooding over larger areas, an important implication is the need for numerical weather prediction in ANZ to forecast the duration of an intense precipitation event adequately in order to improve emergency preparedness.

中文翻译：

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新西兰极端降水事件的区域特征


我们记录了 1996 年 3 月至 2021 年 12 月期间新西兰 (ANZ) 地区委员会发生的 1394 起极端降水事件 (EPE)。EPE 的特征是使用一种新颖的时空框架来记录的，该框架可诊断峰值强度、持续时间和积累。 EPE 使用 ERA-5 和 MERRA-2 再分析产品。 EPE 的性能根据 ANZ 地区进行评估，并突出了明显的地区差异。特别是，我们发现EPE的持续时间对所有地区的累计降水总量和降水事件类型（大规模或对流）的影响比峰值强度更强。由于较大的降水积累更有可能在更大的地区造成大范围的洪水，因此一个重要的影响是澳大利亚和新西兰需要进行数值天气预报，以充分预测强降水事件的持续时间，以改善应急准备。