This method of sustainable synthesis utilizes a range of aromatic/heterocyclic aldehydes, phenylhydrazine, and ethyl acetoacetates. The TiO nanoparticle catalyst facilitates cyclization reactions, yielding pyrazolone derivatives with exceptional efficiency (95–97 %) under reflux conditions at 80 °C. The current method achieves high yields of the corresponding -products in a short reaction time. A variety of physicochemical methods were employed to ascertain the chemical characteristics and structure of the synthesized heterocycles, and the geometrical structure of the well-crystallized compound (Z)-4-((5-bromofuran-2-yl)methylene)-5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one was characterized by the use of single-crystal X-ray diffraction measurement. The morphology and elemental composition of TiO nanoparticles were examined using SEM/EDX before and after the model reaction. A drop in the Ti (titanium) signal following the reaction indicates surface alterations. The present process provides a new and improved synthesis process for the formation of pyrazolones that is more convenient, well organized in terms of good yields, a simple handling procedure, a short reaction time, and user-friendliness compared to other surviving procedures. One of the synthesized compounds, (Z)-4-((5-bromofuran-2-yl)methylene)-5-methyl-2-phenyl-2,4-dihydro-3H-pyrazol-3-one (2), exhibited significant DNA binding activity. This was further confirmed by a molecular docking study, which revealed a binding energy of −7.2 kcal/mol, and by analyzing the mode of interaction.

中文翻译：

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TiO2 纳米颗粒在吡唑啉酮形成环化反应中的催化活性：通过光谱、X 射线晶体学和分子对接进行 DNA 结合分析


这种可持续合成方法利用了一系列芳香族/杂环醛、苯肼和乙酰乙酸乙酯。 TiO 纳米颗粒催化剂促进环化反应，在 80 °C 回流条件下以优异的效率 (95–97%) 生成吡唑啉酮衍生物。目前的方法在很短的反应时间内实现了相应产物的高产率。采用多种物理化学方法确定了合成杂环的化学特征和结构，以及结晶良好的化合物(Z)-4-((5-溴呋喃-2-基)亚甲基)-5-的几何结构甲基-2-苯基-2,4-二氢-3H-吡唑-3-酮通过单晶X射线衍射测量进行了表征。在模型反应之前和之后使用 SEM/EDX 检查 TiO2 纳米粒子的形态和元素组成。反应后 Ti（钛）信号下降表明表面发生变化。本方法提供了一种用于形成吡唑啉酮的新的且改进的合成方法，与其他现存方法相比，该方法在良好的产率、简单的处理程序、短的反应时间和用户友好性方面更方便、组织良好。合成的化合物之一，(Z)-4-((5-溴呋喃-2-基)亚甲基)-5-甲基-2-苯基-2，4-二氢-3H-吡唑-3-酮(2)，表现出显着的 DNA 结合活性。分子对接研究进一步证实了这一点，该研究显示结合能为-7.2 kcal/mol，并通过分析相互作用模式进一步证实了这一点。