The increasing awareness of the role of fossil fuels in global warming, fluctuating oil and gas prices, and governments' commitments to phase out fossil fuels are driving the Norwegian oil and gas industry to increasingly aim for a transition to more sustainable renewable energy. There are few studies investigating how highly emission‐intensive oil and gas firms can transition into greener industries. In this multiple‐case study, we investigate how these firms can develop green innovations and enter renewable industries by developing dynamic capabilities. We find several microfoundations of dynamic capabilities that are important for green innovation development. Expanding the search window and proactive behavior are key for identifying new opportunities, while developing market insight, cross‐sector collaboration, and structural ambidexterity are crucial to seize and reconfigure opportunities. The findings also illuminate how firm strategy in the sensing stage impacts what opportunities firms seize. The study is one of few studies that explore the microfoundations of dynamic capabilities necessary for entering new and unfamiliar markets, and it contributes to the understanding of the dynamics of the underlying microfoundations and the impact of green innovation type on these dynamics.

中文翻译：

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从化石燃料向可再生能源的转型：确定挪威石油和天然气公司转型所需的动态能力


人们越来越认识到化石燃料在全球变暖、石油和天然气价格波动中的作用，以及政府逐步淘汰化石燃料的承诺，正在推动挪威石油和天然气行业越来越多地致力于向更可持续的可再生能源过渡。很少有研究调查高排放密集型石油和天然气公司如何转型为绿色产业。在这个多案例研究中，我们研究了这些公司如何通过发展动态能力来开发绿色创新并进入可再生行业。我们发现了对绿色创新发展非常重要的动态能力的几个微观基础。扩大搜索窗口和主动行为是发现新机会的关键，而发展市场洞察力、跨部门合作和结构双元性则是抓住和重新配置机会的关键。研究结果还阐明了感知阶段的企业战略如何影响企业抓住的机会。该研究是探索进入新的和陌生市场所需的动态能力微观基础的少数研究之一，它有助于理解潜在微观基础的动态以及绿色创新类型对这些动态的影响。