Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are receiving increased attention from researchers in many areas of science and technology. During the actual operation, the high viscosity of DESs, especially for solid-phase sample application, can be diminished by combination of water in the solvent system, heating, and consuming a large volume of DESs. In addition, plant matrix properties of Baill fruits should be considered including sugars-rich and full of stone cells, which also dissolve into the solvent and to reduce extraction capacity. In this study, an ultrasonic probe-based system with a direct delivery of ultrasound to sample was developed to help the matrix materials become hydrated and swelled, which increases the diffusion and flow of solvent into the dry matrix and increases mass transfer, and also minish ultrasonic energy loss. Some parameters that potentially influence circulating and pulsating ultrasonic probe extraction (CPUPE) were methodically examined and improved using the Plackett–Burman, Box–Behnken design, and the optimum practical parameters were as follows: water content of DES, 20.2%; liquid-to-solid ratio, 11.0 mL/g; total ultrasonic treatment time, 24.7 min; ultrasonic setting temperature, 323 K; ultrasonic irradiation power, 90 W; and circulating rate, 25 mL/min. CPUPE provided a accessibility to use substituted green solvents of DESs (choline chloride-lactic acid) by improving their extraction performance. The high sample extraction capacity and circulation function of the suggested CPUPE technique makes it a quick and effective method for complex substrate plant samples. Under the circulating system, the osmotic pressure difference of the solvent is significantly increased. The CPUPE make the kind method operation simple, fast, can be apply in the on-line production analysis.

中文翻译：

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低共熔溶剂循环脉动超声提取五味子中木脂素的应用


低共熔溶剂 (DES) 越来越受到许多科学技术领域研究人员的关注。在实际操作过程中，DES的高粘度，特别是对于固相样品应用，可以通过溶剂系统中的水的结合、加热和消耗大量的DES来降低。此外，应考虑拜耳果实的植物基质特性，包括富含糖分和充满石细胞，它们也会溶解到溶剂中并降低提取能力。在这项研究中，开发了一种基于超声波探头的系统，可直接将超声波传递到样品，以帮助基质材料水合和膨胀，从而增加溶剂扩散和流动到干燥基质中，增加传质，并减少超声波能量损失。采用Plackett-Burman、Box-Behnken设计对可能影响循环和脉动超声探针萃取（CPUPE）的一些参数进行了系统的检验和改进，最佳实用参数如下：DES含水量，20.2%；液固比，11.0mL/g；总超声处理时间，24.7min；超声波设定温度，323K；超声波照射功率，90W；和循环速率，25mL/min。 CPUPE 通过提高 DES（氯化胆碱-乳酸）的提取性能，为使用 DES（氯化胆碱-乳酸）的绿色替代溶剂提供了便利。所建议的 CPUPE 技术的高样品提取能力和循环功能使其成为复杂基质植物样品的快速有效的方法。在循环系统下，溶剂的渗透压差显着增大。 CPUPE使该类方法操作简单、快速，可应用于在线生产分析。