Violence against women (VAW) is a global challenge also in the childbearing period. Despite high gender equality, there is a high prevalence of VAW in the Nordic countries. This scoping review aims to explore predictors for and consequences of a history of violence on women’s pregnancy and childbirth in the Nordic countries, including women’s experience of the impact of violence and the interventions used to detect, address consequences, and prevent further violence. The framework by Arksey and O’Malley was followed, and English, Finnish, Icelandic, Norwegian, Danish, and Swedish literature was included. The population was women aged ≥18 residing in the Nordic countries during the perinatal period. Eight databases were searched: MEDLINE, CINAHL, PubMed, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ASSIA, Social Services-, and Sociological abstracts. There was no limitation of the search time frame. The initial screening resulted in 1,104 records, and after removing duplicates, 452 remained. Finally, 61 papers met the inclusion criteria. The results covering the past 32 years indicated that childbearing women with a history of violence are at greater risk of common complaints and hospitalization during pregnancy, fear of childbirth, Cesarean section, breastfeeding difficulties, and physical and mental health problems. While extensive research was found on the associations between a history of and current violence and outcomes related to pregnancy, there was a lack of intervention studies and studies from Finland. Efforts must be made to scientifically test the methods used to reduce and treat the adverse effects of a history of violence and prevent further violence.

中文翻译：

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北欧国家暴力历史对妇女怀孕和分娩的后果：范围界定审查


针对妇女的暴力行为 (VAW) 在育龄期也是一个全球性挑战。尽管性别平等程度很高，但北欧国家的暴力侵害妇女现象却十分普遍。本次范围界定审查旨在探讨北欧国家暴力史对妇女怀孕和分娩的影响的预测因素和后果，包括妇女遭受暴力影响的经历以及用于发现、解决后果和防止进一步暴力的干预措施。遵循阿克西和奥马利的框架，包括英语、芬兰语、冰岛语、挪威语、丹麦语和瑞典语文学。人群是居住在北欧国家的围产期年龄≥18 岁的女性。检索了八个数据库：MEDLINE、CINAHL、PubMed、PsycINFO、Web of Science、ASSIA、社会服务和社会学摘要。搜索时间范围没有限制。初步筛选出 1,104 条记录，删除重复项后，剩下 452 条。最终共有61篇论文符合纳入标准。涵盖过去32年的结果表明，有暴力史的育龄妇女在怀孕期间更容易出现常见投诉和住院、对分娩的恐惧、剖腹产、母乳喂养困难以及身心健康问题。虽然对过去和当前的暴力行为与妊娠相关结局之间的关联进行了广泛的研究，但缺乏干预研究和来自芬兰的研究。必须努力科学地检验用于减少和治疗暴力史的不利影响并防止进一步暴力的方法。